| 徐东忆，李福建，董金鑫，杨迪迪，陈 立，朱 敏，李春燕，朱新开，丁锦峰，郭文善.生长调节物质对深播和渍水小麦幼苗生长和籽粒产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2022,(10):1257 |
| 生长调节物质对深播和渍水小麦幼苗生长和籽粒产量的影响 |
| Effects of Growth Regulating Substances on Seedling Growth and Grain Yield of Deep-Sown and Waterlogged Wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2022.10.10 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 深播 渍水 生长调节物质 幼苗生长 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Deep-sown Waterlogging Growth regulating substance Seedling growth Grain yield |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32172111、32071953)；江苏省现代农业（小麦）产业技术体系项目；江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目；扬州大学研究生科研创新计划项目(KYCX21_3244)；高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目（20133250110001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究可促进冬小麦弱苗转壮、实现稳产的化控途径，在深播和深播+渍水两种条件下研究了喷施生长素（IAA）、玉米素（ZT）、6-苄氨基嘌呤（6-BA）、赤霉素（GA）、2,4-表油菜素内酯（EBR）、亚精胺（SP）、碧护（BH）和去离子水（CW）对小麦幼苗生长、产量及其构成的影响。结果表明，深播和深播+渍水易形成弱苗，降低植株糖、氮积累量，抑制分蘖发生，造成光合面积和干物质积累量的下降，最终导致减产。深播和深播+渍水下喷施生长调节物质可分别提高籽粒产量1.23%~37.56%和4.69%~59.27%。深播下喷施ZT和EBR对幼苗质量和籽粒产量提升效果最佳，使籽粒产量可达适宜播深+自然生长（CK）水平。喷施ZT可提升碳、氮代谢水平，喷施EBR可维持高水平氮代谢，促进深播小麦的分蘖发生，增加光合面积和光合产物积累量。喷施ZT可提高深播小麦的单株穗数、穗粒数和千粒重，喷施EBR可提升单株穗数和千粒重。深播+渍水条件下喷施EBR虽然可增加分蘖数，促进碳氮物质积累，提高单株穗数和千粒重，但产量难以恢复到CK水平。综上所述，ZT或EBR可推荐用于深播小麦改善苗质、提升产量；喷施EBR可改善深播且苗期渍水小麦幼苗生长质量，促进产量形成。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the chemical control pathways that can promote the growth of weak seedlings and achieve yield stabilization, Auxin(IAA), Zeatin(ZT), 6-Benzylaminopurine(6-BA), Gibberellin(GA), 2, 4-Epibrassinolide(EBR), Spermidine(SP), Bihu(BH), and deionized water(CW) were sprayed respectively under deep-sowing and deep-sowing+waterlogging conditions, and the effects of these growth regulating substances on wheat seedling growth, grain yield and its components were investigated. The results showed that deep-sowing and deep-sowing+waterlogging treatments reduced the accumulation of sugar and nitrogen, inhibited the occurrence of tillering, and decreased photosynthetic area and dry matter accumulation, causing formation of weak seedlings and reduction of grain yield. Spraying growth regulating substances after deep-sowing and deep-sowing+waterlogging increased grain yield by 1.23 %-37.56 % and 4.69 %-59.27 %, respectively. Spraying ZT and EBR under deep-sowing conditions had the best effect on improving seedling quality and grain yield, and grain yield under this treatment reached the level under the conditions of suitable sowing depth+natural growth(CK). Spraying ZT improved the level of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and spraying EBR maintained high level of nitrogen metabolism, which both promoted the tillering of deep-sown wheat and expanded photosynthetic area and accumulation of photosynthetic products. Spraying ZT increased the number of spikes per plant, kernels per spike, and 1 000-kernel weight of deep-sown wheat, and spraying EBR increased the number of spikes per plant and 1 000-kernel weight. Spraying EBR under the conditions of deep-sowing+waterlogging increased the tiller number, promoted the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen substances, and increased the number of spikes per plant and 1 000-kernel weight, but grain yield was not restored to the CK level. To conclude, ZT or EBR are recommended for deep-sown wheat to improve seedling quality and grain yield; and spraying EBR can promote the growth quality of deep-sown+waterlogged wheat seedlings and grain yield formation. |
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