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作者	单位
徐亚楠，吴玥，纪冰祎，宋吉青，吕国华，张文英，柳斌辉，白文波	(1. 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081 2. 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所,河北衡水 053000 3. 辽宁省现代农业生产基地建设工程中心,辽宁沈阳 110033)

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中文摘要:

为探明不同有效成分的磷糖类制剂对冬小麦抗干热风能力的调控作用，并筛选出高效实用的干热风化学防控技术，采用田间试验，以自来水(CK)和磷酸二氢钾(CKP)为对照，通过拌种、叶面喷施及拌种和叶面喷施组合方式，比较自主研发的磷糖类制剂［激发元素制剂(JB)、微量元素制剂(WB)和磷胺制剂(BP)］对干热风胁迫下冬小麦抗氧化特性和产量的影响。结果表明，干热风胁迫下，与CK相比，各处理下小麦灌浆中后期旗叶可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量均显著增加（增幅分别为7.43%~167.87%和8.88%~ 77.59%），超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性提高了10.42%~62.99%和6.94%~76.29%，丙二醛含量显著降低（降幅 6.58%~22.29%）。各制剂均能显著提高小麦穗粒数和千粒重，增幅分别为4.22%~10.36%和 1.05%~ 5.16%；只有拌种和叶面喷施（BP）组合处理显著增加小麦成穗数，增幅分别为4.54%和4.79%。各制剂处理较CK增产6.95%~14.68%。BP叶面喷施处理较JB 和WB拌种处理更有利于干热风胁迫下小麦抗氧特性保持稳定，对穗粒数和千粒重的促进效应表现突出。拌种和叶面喷施组合处理具有协同作用，对小麦抗干热风能力调控效果最优。

英文摘要:

In order to find out the regulation effect of chemical regulators with different effective components on the tolerance of winter wheat to dry-hot wind,and screen out efficient and practical chemical regulators and control technology for dry-hot wind,field experiments were carried out to compare the independently developed chemical regulators(JB: seed mixed with stimulating element preparation; WB: seed mixed with microelement preparation; BP: foliar spray with phosphamide preparation) through seed dressing,foliar spraying and combination treatment of seed dressing and foliar spraying,with tap water(CK) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate(CKP) as the controls. Effects of the chemical regulators on antioxidant characteristics and yield components of winter wheat under dry-hot wind stress were analyzed. The results showed that under dry-hot wind stress,compared with CK,the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar in wheat flag leaves increased significantly at the middle and late filling stage(increased by 7.43%-167.87% and 8.88%-77.59%); the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were increased by 10.42%-62.99% and 6.94%-76.29%,and the content of malondialdehyde decreased significantly 6.58%-22.29%. Each chemical regulator could significantly increase the number of grains per ear and 1 000-grain weight of wheat,with an increase rate of 4.22%-10.36% and 1.05%-5.16%,respectively. Only combination treatment of seed dressing and foliar spraying could significantly increase the number of ears of wheat,with an increase rate of 4.54% and 4.79%，respectively. The yield of each treatment was 6.95%-14.68% higher than that of CK. Compared with JB and WB seed dressing,BP foliar spraying treatment was more conducive to maintain the stability of wheat oxygen resistance under dry-hot wind stress,especially in the increase of grain number per panicle and 1 000-grain weight. The combination of seed dressing and foliar spraying had a synergistic effect,and had the best effect on the regulation of wheat resistance to dry-hot wind.

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