| 张 洁,蒋 云,郭元林,王 颖,邓光兵,宣 朴,龙 海.普通小麦川麦60-簇毛麦 3V（3D）代换系的分子细胞学鉴定[J].麦类作物学报,2022,(2):139 |
| 普通小麦川麦60-簇毛麦 3V（3D）代换系的分子细胞学鉴定 |
| Molecular and Cytological Identification of Common Wheat Chuanmai 60-Dasypyrum villosum 3V (3D) Substitution Line |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2022.02.02 |
| 中文关键词: 簇毛麦 3V染色体 川麦60 小麦-簇毛麦3V（3D）代换系 抗条锈性 |
| 英文关键词:Dasypyrum villosum 3V chromosome Chuanmai 60 wheat-D.villosum 3V(3D) substitution line resistance to stripe rust |
| 基金项目:四川省科技厅应用基础项目（重点）（2019YJ0605,2018JY0629）；四川省财政厅创新能力提升工程项目（2019KXJJ-001）；国家自然科学基金项目（31801362）； 四川省农业科学院优秀论文基金项目（2018LWJJ-017）；四川省农业科学院人才基金项目（2019LJRC020）；四川省农作物分子育种平台项目（2016NZ0103） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 一年生二倍体簇毛麦携带多种抗性基因，被认为是小麦抗性改良的重要基因源。本研究前期创制了一个高抗小麦条锈病的普通小麦（中国春，CS）-簇毛麦3V（3D）代换系CD-3，并将该条锈病抗性基因初步定位于簇毛麦3V染色体上。本研究以川麦60作为父本，以CD-3为母本，在回交自交系BC1F2群体中筛选到一个高抗条锈病的株系，命名为1901-245，并进一步对该株系进行分子标记、荧光原位杂交（FISH）及田间条锈病抗性鉴定。分子标记和荧光原位杂交（fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH）结果显示，1901-245携带一对簇毛麦3V染色体，丢失了一对小麦3D染色体；1901-245花粉母细胞减数分裂中染色体配对正常，单价体出现频率较低，且3V染色体未出现单价体。田间条锈病抗性鉴定结果显示，1901-245及其亲本CD-3均表现为高抗小麦条锈病，而亲本川麦60则表现为高感小麦条锈病。以上结果表明，簇毛麦3V染色体上的条锈病抗性基因在1901-245的遗传背景下能正常表达；1901-245为普通小麦-簇毛麦3V（3D）代换系材料，高抗小麦条锈病且遗传稳定，可进一步在小麦遗传改良中加以应用。另外，FISH鉴定及植株形态观察结果显示，1901-245仍含有较多亲本CD-3（CS背景）的遗传背景，因此后期可继续将1901-245与川麦60进行回交，并在后代中加大簇毛麦3V染色体的追踪力度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Dasypyrum villosum has been used as a valuable gene resource during wheat breeding possesses because of its abundant disease resistance genes.In the previous study,we developed and characterized a novel common wheat,Chinese Spring (CS)-Dasypyrum villosum 3V (3D) substitution line,CD-3,harboring high resistance to wheat stripe rust,and the stripe rust resistance gene had been mapped on 3V chromosome originated from D.villosum.In order to further utilize the rust resistance on 3V chromosome of D.villosum,in this study,Chuanmai 60 and CD-3 were used as male plant and female plant,respectively,and a line named 1901-245 showing high resistance to stripe rust was developed from BC1F2 generation.Further comprehensive evaluations including molecular marker analysis,fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and investigation of field resistance to stripe rust were performed on 1901-245.The results of molecular marker and FISH analyses showed that 1901-245 possesses a pair of 3V chromosomes originated from D.villosum,and misses a pair of 3D chromosomes derived from wheat; Normal chromosomal behavior of pollen mother cells (PMCs) at metaphase I and telophase I were observed.In addition,low frequency of univalent,and no univalent of 3V chromosomes were observed in 1901-245.The result of resistance test to stripe rust in the field trail showed that the response to stripe rust of 1901-245 was consistent with its parent CD-3,showing considerably high stripe rust resistance,and the parent Chuanmai 60 was susceptive to stripe rust.These results indicated that,resistant gene(s) of stripe rust located on 3V chromosome could express in the genetic backgrounds of 1901-245; 1901-245 could be used in wheat improvement further as a genetic stable wheat-D.villosum substitution line possessing high resistance to stripe rust.Additionally,FISH and plant morphology observation showed that 1901-245 contains large genetic background of parent CD-3.Therefore,we could further backcross 1901-245 with Chuanmai 60,and make more efforts to monitor 3V chromosome in the offspring. |
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