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为探明不同产量潜力小麦品种氮素积累与转运的规律，于2019-2020年度小麦生长季，以3个产量潜力不同的小麦品种烟农1212、济麦22和良星99为供试材料，分析了3个小麦品种氮素积累、转运和籽粒产量的差异。结果表明，烟农1212在小麦拔节至开花期和开花至成熟期植株氮素积累速率显著高于济麦22和良星99，开花期和成熟期植株氮素积累量也显著高于其他两个品种；在开花后0~7 d，籽粒氮素积累量和积累速率在3个品种间无显著差异，花后7~14 d，两个指标在烟农1212和济麦22间无显著差异，但均显著高于良星99，花后21~35 d，烟农1212的籽粒氮素积累量和积累速率显著高于其他两个品种。烟农1212花前氮素转运量和开花后氮素积累量均最高。相关分析表明，籽粒产量与开花期和成熟期的氮素积累量呈极显著正相关，烟农1212较济麦22和良星99分别增产9.32%和14.10%，获得最高的氮素吸收效率、氮素收获指数和氮肥偏生产力。在本试验条件下，烟农1212是开花期和成熟期氮素积累量、花前氮素转运量和产量最高的小麦品种。

英文摘要:

In order to ascertain the law of nitrogen accumulation and translocation in wheat varieties with different yield potential, three wheat cultivars, Yannong 1212, Jimai 22 and Liangxing 99 were selected as materials.The differences of nitrogen accumulation, translocation and grain yield of the three wheat varieties were analyzed during the 2019-2020 wheat growing season.The results showed that the nitrogen accumulation rate of Yannong 1212 was significantly higher than that of Jimai 22 and Liangxing 99 from jointing to anthesis and from anthesis to maturity.The nitrogen accumulation amount of Yannong 1212 was also significantly higher than that of the other two cultivars at anthesis and maturity.For grain nitrogen accumulation amount and accumulation rate, there was no significant difference between the three cultivars during 0 to 7 days after anthesis;there was no significant difference between Yannong 1212 and Jimai 22 during 7 to 14 days after anathesis, which was significantly higher than that of Liangxing 99 during 21 to 35 days;Yannong 1212 was significantly higher than those of the other two cultivars.Yannong 1212 had the highest nitrogen translocation from vegetative organs to grains before anthesis and nitrogen accumulation after anthesis.Correlation analysis showed that the grain yield and the nitrogen accumulation at anthesis and maturity stages were extremely significantly positively correlated.Yannong 1212 had 9.32% and 14.10% higher yield than Jimai 22 and Liangxing 99 did, respectively.Yannong 1212 performed the highest nitrogen uptake efficiency, nitrogen harvest index and nitrogen partial productivity.In this experiment, Yannong 1212 was the wheat variety with the highest nitrogen accumulation at anthesis and maturity stage, which had the highest nitrogen transport before anthesis and yield.

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