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作者	单位
伍玲，董亚超，戴常军，李式昭，朱华忠	(1.四川省农业科学院作物研究所，四川成都 610066；2.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所，北京 100081；3.农业农村部谷物及制品质量监督检验测试中心（哈尔滨），黑龙江哈尔滨 150086)

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中文摘要:

为了解长江上游冬麦区小麦品种的品质现状及其基因型，以2012-2018年长江上游国家级品种试验109个小麦品种（系）在试验中的品质数据为基础，分析了品种（系）的籽粒分级、品质分析样品的混合点率、粗蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、吸水量和稳定时间等性状；利用KASP标记检测了这些品种（系）的部分高、低分子量谷蛋白亚基、穗发芽抗性基因、粒重及籽粒大小基因、籽粒硬度基因和小麦-黑麦1BL·1RS易位等20个位点的基因型。发现穗发芽抗性差、蛋白质数量和质量指标不均衡是影响长江上游小麦品质的主要因素，该麦区的品质改良应以提高品种穗发芽抗性和改良稳定时间为主要目标；这些品种（系）在20个位点基因型的差别不足以解释其品质的差异。

英文摘要:

In order to understand the quality status and genotypes of wheat cultivars in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River,the quality data of the National Trials were analyzed in this study. The quality data in this study contain the grain classification,mixed sample point rate,crude protein content,wet gluten content,water absorption and stability time. Based on the quality data of 109 wheat cultivars from the National Trial during 2012-2018,the quality of wheat cultivars was analyzed. The genotypes at 20 loci were detected by KASP markers in 109 experimental and control cultivars,including some high and low molecular weight glutenin subunits,pre-harvest sprouting resistance genes,grain weight and grain size related genes,grain hardness genes and wheat-rye 1BL·1RS translocation.It was found that the pre-harvest sprouting and unbalanced quantity parameters and protein content were important factors affecting the quality of wheat cultivars in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River. The wheat quality improvement in this area should focus on improvement of the pre-harvest sprouting resistance and the stability time of dough. The differences in the genotypes at 20 loci detected were not enough to explain the differences in quality of these cultivars.

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