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作者	单位
李超，李诚，王冰冰，张润琪，李春艳	（石河子大学农学院/新疆兵团绿洲生态农业国家重点实验室培育基地，新疆石河子 832000）

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中文摘要:

为了明确花后干旱胁迫下内源激素乙烯对小麦胚乳细胞程序性死亡的调控作用，选用新疆冬小麦主栽品种新冬18号为参试材料，在花后干旱条件下对小麦穗部喷施硝酸钴（乙烯合成抑制剂），通过Evans Blue染色观察了小麦胚乳细胞活力变化，通过DPAI染色、超微结构观察和细胞核计数探究了小麦胚乳细胞核形态和数量变化，利用聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳检测基因组DNA的完整性，同时测定核酸水解酶的活性及乙烯受体基因的相对表达量。结果表明，相比对照，喷施硝酸钴使小麦胚乳细胞生活力提高，细胞核衰退速度减缓，胚乳细胞数目增加，基因组DNA片段化峰值时间推后，核酸水解酶活性下降，乙烯受体基因表达量上调，千粒重增加，说明抑制乙烯可延缓小麦胚乳细胞程序性死亡进程，从而缓解花后干旱胁迫对小麦灌浆带来的危害。

英文摘要:

In order to clarify the regulation of endogenous hormone(ethylene) on programmed cell death of wheat endosperm under post-anthesis drought stress, a winter wheat variety Xindong 18 was used in the present study. The cobalt nitrate(ethylene synthesis inhibitor) was sprayed on wheat spikes under post-anthesis drought stress. The viability of wheat endosperm cells was observed by Evans Blue staining. The morphology and number of endosperm nucleus were observed by DAPI staining, ultrastructure observation and nucleus counting, respectively. The integrity of genomic DNA was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The activity of nucleic acid hydrolase and the relative expression of genes encoding ethylene receptor were determined. In response to the cobalt nitrate treatment, the viability of endosperm cell was increased and the rate of nuclear disintegration was decreased, while the number of endosperm cells was significantly increased. Furthermore, the peak time of genomic DNA fragmentation was delayed and the nucleic acid hydrolase activity was significantly decreased. However, the grain weight and relative expression of genes encoding ethylene receptor were significantly increased. The results showed that inhibiting the synthesis of ethylene can delay the endosperm PCD and alleviate the harm of drought stress during the wheat grain filling stage.

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