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作者	单位
赵林姝，刘录祥，古佳玉，谢永盾，郭会君，赵世荣，李军辉，熊宏春	（中国农业科学院作物科学研究所，北京 100081）

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中文摘要:

为了筛选小麦花培育种骨干亲本，减轻花培育种的基因型依赖性问题，对74个冬小麦品种（系）的5个花药培养力性状进行了鉴定，并对5个性状进行了相关性分析。结果表明，74个基因型的愈伤组织诱导率、绿苗分化率、绿苗产率、白苗分化率及白苗产率变化范围分别为0~43.17%、0~139.29%、0~20.83%、0~63.33%、0~7.17%，各花药培养力性状在所研究基因型中差异明显，存在基因型依赖性，其中绿苗分化率基因型间差异最大。基因型愈伤组织诱导特性与绿苗、白苗的分化正相关，愈伤再生分化成绿苗或是白苗没有相关性。筛选出绿苗产率高于1.0%的基因型22个，其中，SPLM2、衡96851、石4185、邯6172、河农6425五个基因型农艺性状较好，绿苗产率依次为8.17%、5.44%、2.39%、2.00%、0.72%，可作为花培育种的骨干亲本。

英文摘要:

In order to screen the genotype with good anther culture response and agronomic traits, and decrease the genotype dependence, we characterized five anther-culture associated traits for 74 winter wheat varieties (lines) and conducted correlation analysis on these traits. The results showed that the variation range of the proportion of calli per 100 anthers, green plantlets per 100 calli, green plantlets per 100 anthers, albino plantlets per 100 calli and albino plantlets per 100 anthers was 0-43.17%, 0-139.29%, 0-20.83%, 0-63.33%, and 0-7.17%, respectively. All the five traits showed great genotype dependence, among which, the proportion of green plantlets per 100 calli displayed greatest genotype dependence. Correlation analysis results indicated that there was positive correlation between callus induction capacity of each genotype and green- and albino-seedlings differentiation. It did not show any correlation whether callus would differentiate to green seedlings or albino seedlings. In this study, the proportion of green plantlets per 100 anthers of 22 genotypes screened was higher than 1%. Five of these 22 genotypes, such as SPLM2, Heng 96851, Shi 4185, Han 6172, and Henong 6425, are suggested to serve as backbone parents for anther culture based breeding approach, as they have good agronomic traits.

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