| To dissect the hereditary ability for main agronomic traits of cultivars in Huanghuai wheat region,eight varieties,such as Zhoumai 22,Jimai 22,Aikang 58,Xinong 979,Xinmai 26,Zhengmai 366,Yannong 19 and Han 6172,were employed to evaluate the general and specific combining ability in diallel crossing system. The results indicated that tested parents behaved variously for different agronomic traits. For example,Aikang 58,Xinong 979 and Zhengmai 366 with low general combining ability were beneficial to lower plant height of hybrids; the combining ability of Jimai 22 and Aikang 58 was higher so as to increase the spike number of hybrids; Yannong 19 and Zhengmai 366 with higher combining ability were beneficial to increase kernel per spike; and Zhoumai 22 and Jimai 22 with higher combining ability were good to increase thousand kernel weight. The narrow heritability of agronomic traits varied greatly,with a range of 2.83% to 97.39%. Among them,the narrow heritability of plant height was the highest,up to 97.39%,followed by that of main stem spike length( 72.04% ),and thousand kernel weight(40.64%).The three traits were suggested to be selected at low generation in breeding program. Plant height and biological yield per plant were affected by the combination of additive effect(24.4 and 6.8,respectively) and dominant effect(6.1 and 14.67). The plant height was mainly controlled by additive effect,while the yield per plant and kernel number were mainly controlled by dominant effect.Additionally,traits of valid spikelets,thousand kernel weight and main stem spike length were controlled by the additive effect(0.22,3.09 and 0.27,respectively),while kernel per spike and grain weight per plant were controlled by dominant effect (8.88 and 6.29). |
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