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作者	单位
刘雅洁，李茂，李超，李文博，田敏，潘佳佳，赵辉，余国武，冯宗云	（四川农业大学农学院，四川温江 611130）

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中文摘要:

为有效利用青稞种质资源、促进专用型品种的选育，利用主成分分析和因子分析法对75份青稞品种（系）在3个生态点的籽粒中蛋白质、γ-氨基丁酸、总淀粉、β-葡聚糖和花青素含量共5个籽粒品质性状进行分析与评价。结果显示，基因型、生态点及生态点与基因型互作对5个被测性状均有显著影响，5个性状的变异系数为3.88%~118.92%,广义遗传率为15.29%~90.13%，其中蛋白质、β-葡聚糖和花青素含量的广义遗传率大于60%，表明遗传是其含量差异的主要原因。利用主成分分析可将5个性状简化为3个公因子，其携带总信息量的73.73%。经过Promax旋转后的载荷结果显示，3个公因子分别反映青稞籽粒的氨基酸累积量、次生代谢物累积量和多糖累积量。加权评分后的综合排名和分层聚类结果显示，勾芒青稞、龙中紫、2009-119、XQ0168、次玛、4TH HBSNS-57、813、长芒黑青稞、白勾芒、耐那、对芒黑青稞、褐青稞、北青4号、白青稞和昆仑14号共15个材料的综合品质较好；单性状优势的统计分析结果表明，高蛋白育种适宜选用龙中紫，低β-葡聚糖育种适宜选择白勾芒、对芒黑青稞和褐青稞，高蛋白质且低β-葡聚糖含量育种适宜选择2009-119和XQ0168，高γ-氨基丁酸和高花青素育种适宜选择次玛，高γ-氨基丁酸和低葡聚糖育种适宜选择4TH HBSNS-57。

英文摘要:

In order to effectively utilize the germplasm resources of highland barley and promote the breeding of special varieties, principal component analysis and factor analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the five quality traits, including contents of protein, γ-aminobutyric acid, total starch, β-glucan, and anthocyanin in seeds of 75 barley resources in three ecological areas. The results showed that there were significant differences in different genotypes, ecological areas and the interaction between ecological areas and genotypes. The coefficient of variation was distributed from 3.88% to 118.92%, and the broad-sense heritability of each trait was distributed from 15.29% to 90.13%, among which the broad-sense heritability of protein, β-glucan and anthocyanins was greater than 60%, indicating that heredity was the main reason for the difference in content. Principal component analysis can be used to simplify the five quality-related indicators into three common factors, carrying 73.73% of the data information of the original index. The first three factors after Promax rotation were selected, and the results showed that the three common factors reflected the amino acid accumulation, secondary metabolite accumulation, and polysaccharide accumulation of barley grain, respectively. The comprehensive ranking and hierarchical clustering results after weighted scoring showed that the comprehensive quality of 15 materials, including Goumangqingke, 2009-119, XQ0168, cima, 4TH HBSNS-57, 813, Changmangheiqingke, Baiigoumang, Naina, Duimangheiqingke, Heqingke, Beiqing 4, Baiqingke and Kunlun 14, and the statistical analysis results of mono-trait content showed that Longzhongzi was suitable for high protein breeding; Baigoumang, Duimangheiqingke and Heqingke were suitable for low β-glucan breeding; 2009-119 and XQ0168 were suitable for high protein and low β-glucan content breeding; cima was suitable for high γ-aminobutyric acid and high anthocyanin breeding, and 4TH HBSNS-57 was suitable for high γ-aminobutyric acid and low glucan breeding.

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