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| 彩色小麦种质主要农艺性状和营养品质综合评价 |
| Comprehensive evaluation of main agronomic traits and nutritional quality of colored wheat germplasm |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-08 修订日期：2024-06-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 彩色小麦 农艺性状 营养品质 HMW-GS 主成分分析 |
| 英文关键词:Colored-grain wheat Agronomic traits Nutritional quality HMW-GS Principal component analysis |
| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024GH-ZDXM-07)；陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2020GHJD-17)；王同川创新创业 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以14份彩色小麦和2份白粒小麦(对照)为材料,研究彩色小麦种质主要农艺性状和营养品质的表现,同时利用主成分分析对彩色小麦种质进行综合评价,以期筛选优异彩色小麦种质。结果表明：紫优5号的有效分蘖、穗数、产量、生物量和收获指数以及西黑88的穗长、穗粒数和千粒重较好；西黑88、紫优11号、杨黑1号、紫优5号、灵黑麦2号和西黑-2的整体营养品质好,优于对照白麦；这些种质可为彩色小麦遗传改良提供优异且丰富的育种材料。彩色小麦种质的有效分蘖、穗长、产量、形成时间、稳定时间、峰值粘度和矿质营养元素变异系数较高,改良空间较大。相关性分析表明,农艺性状和营养品质性状间存在显著或极显著相关性,培育高产优质彩色小麦需兼顾考虑,做好协调平衡。利用SDS-PAGE对供试种质进行HMW-GS检测,共检测出8种亚基类型(Null、1、2*、7+8、7+9、14+15、2+12、5+10)和7种亚基组合,其中7份彩色小麦种质的评分达到10分,高于对照白麦,西农彩麦007和杨黑1号出现稀有优质亚基14+15。主成分分析共提取到5个主成分,累积贡献率为81.70%,综合得分表明,西黑88、紫优11号和西农彩麦3号综合表现优异,在农艺性状和营养品质改良方面有较高的利用价值,可应用于彩色小麦遗传改良研究。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 14 colored wheat and 2 white wheat (as control) were used to investigate the performance of major agronomic traits and nutritional qualities, and to evaluate by principal component analysis for excellent colored wheat germplasm selection. The results showed that ZY5 had excellent effective tillering, number of spikes, yield, biomass and harvest index, XH88 had high spike length, great kernel number and thousand-kernels weight. Besides, the nutritional quality of XH88, ZY11, YH1, ZY5, LH2 and XH-2 was better than the control white-grained wheat. These germplasm as excellent and abundant breeding materials could be used for genetic improvement of colored-grain wheat. High coefficients of variation for effective tillering, spike length, yield, formation time, stability time, peak viscosity and mineral nutrient elements were observed for colored-grain wheat, suggesting it had more scope for improvement. Correlation analysis showed that there were significant or highly significant correlations between agronomic traits and nutritional quality traits, suggesting high-yielding and high-quality need to be taken into account for colored-grain wheat breeding. SDS-PAGE was used to HMW-GS identification. Eight subunit types (Null, 1, 2*, 7+8, 7+9, 14+15, 2+12, 5+10) and seven subunit combinations were detected. Among of colored-grain wheat, score of seven germplasm was up to 10, and higher than that of white-grained wheat. Rare and high-quality subunits 14+15 was found in XC007 and YH1. A total of five principal components were extracted from the principal component analysis, with a cumulative contribution of 81.70%. The composite scores indicated that XH88, ZY11 and XC3 had excellent overall performance, with high utilization value in agronomic traits and nutritional quality, could be applied to colored-grain wheat improvement. |
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