| In order to explore the genetic regularity of important traits of spring wheat varieties in Xinjiang in the past 40 years, 65 spring wheat varieties of different ages and 2 varieties to be reviewed from 1985 to 2024 were used as materials to analyze the genetic variation, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis and comprehensive analysis of the main wheat traits.The agronomic traits among different varieties have rich genetic diversity. The diversity index of 67 wheat materials ranged from 1.96 to 2.08, with the largest thousand-grain weight of 2.08 and the smallest ear lower internode length of 1.96. The number of grains in an ear was highly significantly positively correlated with plant height, flag leaf width, flag leaf area, and ear length, and was significantly positively correlated with ear lower internode thick and flag leaf length; the number of thousand-grain weight was highly significantly positively correlated with ear lower internode thick, flag leaf width, and was significantly positively correlated with flag leaf area. Principal component analysis converted 9 traits into 3 principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 72.049%. Combined with the contribution rate weight of the 3 principal component factors, the top 10 materials with the highest comprehensive score were Xinchun 35, Xinchun 45, Xinchun 41, Xinhan 688, Liangchun 1571, Xinchun 8, Xinchun 20, Liangchun 1242, Xinchun 18, and Xinchun 16, which can be promoted as excellent varieties for planting. |
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