欢迎访问《麦类作物学报》编辑部网站

作者	单位
刘德政，卢山，高珅奥，王脉，乔朋放，董清峰，任昊，陈亮，胡银岗	（西北农林科技大学农学院，陕西杨凌 712100）

摘要点击次数: 122

全文下载次数: 108

中文摘要:

为了明确小麦旗叶与气孔性状的变异及其对干旱胁迫的响应，在大田和旱棚环境下种植204个小麦品种，测定其旗叶和气孔性状，并对10份气孔性状极端的材料的光合参数进行测定分析。结果表明，小麦品种间旗叶和气孔性状存在显著差异，在旱棚环境下旗叶长度、旗叶面积、气孔长度和气孔面积较大田分别降低了6.6%、7.0%、1.4%和3.0%，气孔密度增加了12.0%。旗叶长度与气孔长度、旗叶宽度与气孔宽度和旗叶面积与气孔面积的相关系数在大田环境下分别为0.18、0.15和0.18，在旱棚环境下分别为0.31、0.18和0.25。极端材料中，与气孔密度大的材料相比，气孔密度小的材料的净光合速率在大田环境下增大了9.67%，蒸腾速率增加27.57%，瞬时水分利用效率减少26.04%。在大田环境下气孔长度与蒸腾速率和气孔导度均呈正相关（相关系数均为0.37），气孔面积与蒸腾速率呈正相关（相关系数为0.39），气孔密度与蒸腾速率和净光合速率均呈负相关（相关系数均为-0.38）；在旱棚环境下气孔长度与蒸腾速率和净光合速率均呈正相关（相关系数分别为0.36和0.42）。这说明，环境条件对小麦旗叶性状之间的相关性影响较大，较大的旗叶面积和较低的气孔密度会促进小麦光合作用，有利于提高小麦的产量及抗旱性。

英文摘要:

In order to clarify the variations of flag leaf and stomatal traits of wheat and its response to drought stress, 204 wheat varieties were planted in field and drought shed environments, and the flag leaf length, flag leaf width, flag leaf area and stomatal traits were measured. The results showed that there were significant differences in flag leaf and stomatal traits among wheat varieties. The flag leaf length, flag leaf area, stomatal length and stomatal area were decreased by 6.6%, 7.0%, 1.4% and 3.0%, stomatal density was increased by 12.0% in drought shed environment. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between flag leaf length and stomatal length, flag leaf width and stomatal width, and flag leaf area and stomatal area were 0.18, 0.15, 0.18 in field shed environment and 0.31, 0.18, 0.25 in drought shed enuironment. The photosynthetic parameters of extreme materials showed that the net photosynthetic rate of materials with small stomatal density was 9.67% higher than that of materials with large stomatal density in field environment. In the drought shed environment, the transpiration rate was increased by 27.57%, and the instantaneous water use efficiency was decreased by 26.04%. In field environment it was also found that stomatal length was positively correlated with transpiration rate and stomatal conductance, with a correlation coefficient of 0.37; stomatal area was positively correlated with transpiration rate, with a correlation coefficient of 0.39, and stomatal density was negatively correlated with transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate, with a correlation coefficient of -0.38; the stomatal length was positively correlated with transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate in drought shed environment, and the correlation coefficients were 0.36 and 0.42, respectively. It showed that environmental conditions have a great influence on the correlation between flag leaf traits. Larger flag leaf area and lower stomatal density can improve the photosynthetic parameters of wheat, which is conducive to improving the yield and drought resistance of wheat.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭