欢迎访问《麦类作物学报》编辑部网站

为了解有机和常规栽培条件下不同春小麦品种产量与品质形成的差异，进而筛选适宜有机栽培的优质高产春小麦品种，以北方春麦区主栽的10个品种为供试材料，通过大田试验，采用主成分分析与聚类分析相结合的品质-产量综合评价方法，系统分析了有机与常规栽培模式下不同小麦品种籽粒品质和产量的综合表现。结果表明，不同品种间，籽粒产量、籽粒蛋白质品质指标、容重、出粉率和面团流变学特性指标的差异均达显著水平（P＜0.05）。与常规栽培相比，有机栽培下10个品种的穗数、穗粒数、千粒重和产量依次降低了15.1%、42.9%、12.5%和21.4%；蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值、容重和出粉率分别降低了32.9%、44.0%、52.9%、8.2%和1.0%；吸水率、面团稳定时间、面团形成时间、拉伸面积、面团延展性和最大抗延阻力分别降低了11.5%、36.2%、40.3%、1.0%、20.5%和10.2%。通过主成分分析，从11个品质指标中提取出4个主成分，累计贡献率达到了91.17%，其中贡献较大的指标有蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值、拉伸面积、出粉率、最大抗延阻力。根据品质主成分综合得分和产量聚类，在两种栽培模式下筛选出5个兼顾优质和高产潜力的品种，其中龙麦26无论在有机还是常规栽培下，籽粒产量和品质均表现较好，适宜在河套灌区推广种植。

英文摘要:

In order to undeseand the differences in yield and quality formation between different spring wheat varieties under organic and conventional cultivation conditions, and to further screen high-quality and high-yield spring wheat varieties suitable for organic cultivation, ten main wheat varieties grown in the northern spring wheat region were used as experimental materials, and a comprehensive evaluation method of quality yield was used through field experiments, combining principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The comprehensive evaluation of grain quality and yield of the wheat varieties under organic and conventional cultivation modes was systematically analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in grain yield, protein quality indicators, bulk density, flour yield, and dough rheological properties among different varieties (P<0.05). Compared with conventional cultivation, the number of panicles per unit area, grains per panicle, thousand grain weight, and yield of the 10 varieties under organic cultivation were decreased by 15.1%, 42.9%, 12.5%, and 21.4%, respectively. The protein content, wet gluten content, sedimentation volume, bulk density, and flour yield were decreased by 32.9%, 44.0%, 52.9%, 8.2%, and 1.0%, respectively. The water absorption rate, dough stability time, dough development time, stretching area, dough ductility, and maximum resistance were decreased by 11.5%, 36.2%, 40.3%, 1.0%, 20.5%, and 10.2%, respectively. Through principal component analysis, four principal components were extracted from the 11 quality indicators, with a cumulative contribution of 91.17%. Among them, the indicators that contributed more were protein content, wet gluten content, sedimentation volume, extensibility area, flour yield and maximum resistance. Based on the combined scores of the quality components and yield clustering, five varieties with both high quality and high yield potential were selected under the two cultivation modes. In summary, Longmai 26 has good grain yield and quality performance under both organic and conventional cultivation, and is suitable for promotion in the Hetao irrigation area.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭