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作者	单位
范建忠,王永福,程小方,张敏,徐晓敏,杨晓莹,陈春环,吉万全,王亚娟	（1.西北农林科技大学农学院，陕西杨凌 712100； 2.旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室，陕西杨凌 712100）

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中文摘要:

源自苏联的波斯小麦Cypa35-3对陕西关中地区白粉菌优势小种表现为成株期高抗白粉病。为明确Cypa35-3抗白粉病基因所在染色体位置及其抗白粉病基因的遗传规律，利用Cypa35-3与高感白粉病的加拿大二粒小麦Flavescens进行杂交，在成株期自然发病条件下对亲本及其杂交F₁、F₂、F_2∶3群体进行白粉病抗性评价与遗传分析；选用分布于A、B染色体组14对染色体上共计601对SSR标记，利用分离群体分组分析法（BSA）对Cypa35-3的F₂群体进行多态性标记筛选。结果表明，Cypa35-3的成株期白粉病抗性受1对显性基因控制，暂命名为PmCypa35-3。通过群体筛选，获得4对位于1B染色体上的SSR标记，分别为Xbarc81、 Xcfd48、 Xbarc61、 Xbarc302，其中Xbarc81、 Xcfd48位于PmCypa35-3两侧，遗传距离分别为25.2 cM、8.6 cM。由此将成株期抗白粉病基因PmCypa35-3初步定位于1B染色体。通过与1B染色体上及波斯小麦中正式命名的抗白粉病基因的基因来源和标记位置进行对比，发现PmCypa35-3与它们均不相同，推测PmCypa35-3可能是一个新的小麦成株期抗白粉病基因，可作为小麦抗病育种的新抗源。

英文摘要:

Persian wheat Cypa35-3 from the Soviet Union showed high resistance to powdery mildew at adult stage to the dominant races of powdery mildew in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province. In order to study the genetic law of the powdery mildew resistance gene and clarify its chromosome location, Cypa35-3 was crossed with Canadian cultivated emmer wheat flavescens with high susceptibility to powdery mildew. Powdery mildew resistance evaluation and genetic analysis of the parents and their hybrid F₁, F₂, and F_2:3 populations were carried out under the natural conditions at adult stage. A total of 601 pairs of SSR markers distributed on 14 pairs of chromosomes A and B in our research group were selected, and the polymorphic markers in F₂ population of Cypa35-3 were screened by segregated population grouping analysis (BSA). The results showed that the resistance of Cypa35-3 to powdery mildew at adult stage was controlled by a pair of dominant genes, which was tentatively named as PmCypa35-3. Through population screening, four pairs of SSR markers on chromosome 1B were obtained: Xbarc81, Xcfd48, Xbarc61 and Xbarc302, in which ?? Xbarc81 and Xcfd48 were located on both sides of PmCypa35-3, and the genetic distances were 25.2 cM and 8.6 cM, respectively. As a result, the powdery mildew resistance gene PmCypa35-3 at adult stage was initially located on chromosome 1B. By comparing the gene sources and marker positions of powdery mildew resistance genes officially named on chromosome 1B and Persian wheat, it was found that PmCypa35-3 was different from them. It was inferred that PmCypa35-3 may be a new powdery mildew resistance gene in wheat at adult stage, which can provide a new resistance source for wheat resistance breeding.

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