| 袁 谦，赵永涛，张中州，甄士聪，望俊森，张立超，张文斐.小麦籽粒性状的遗传效应分析及其育种策略[J].麦类作物学报,2023,(4):434 |
| 小麦籽粒性状的遗传效应分析及其育种策略 |
| Genetic Analysis and Breeding Strategy of Grain Traits in Wheat |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 小麦籽粒性状 SmartGrain软件 图像分析 主基因+多基因 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat yield-related traits SmartGrain Image analysis Model of major gene plus poly-gene |
| 基金项目:河南省现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目（Z2010-01-09）；漯河市农业科学院优秀青年创新基金项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 大粒性状对于小麦高产育种具有重要意义。为明确大粒型小麦新种质籽粒性状的遗传特性，以漯麦76（大粒型）和L529（小粒型）为亲本构建P1、P2、F1、F2、B1和B2共4个世代6个群体，利用SmartGrain软件获得籽粒性状数据，采用主基因+多基因混合遗传分析方法研究大粒性状的遗传规律。结果表明，千粒重的最佳模型为两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型（MX2-ADI-ADI），籽粒面积和粒长的最佳模型均为加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型（PG-ADI），籽粒周长的最佳模型为两对加性-显性-上位性主基因遗传模型（2MG-ADI），粒宽的最佳模型为两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性显性多基因遗传模型（MX2-ADI-AD）。综上，对大粒性状的选择，应采用“高粒重×高粒重”的组合配制方案构建F2（单交）和B2（大粒亲本回交）选择群体，多环境鉴定，以低代宽、高代严的选择标准，在高代对大粒性状进行选择。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Large-grain traits are important in high-yield breeding of wheat. In order to identify the genetic characteristics of grain traits in the large-grain wheat,we used the large-grain type Luomai 76 as the male parent and the small-grain type L529 as the female parent to construct six pedigrees of four generation populations(P1,P2,F1,F2,B1 and B2),and applied mixed major gene plus polygenes inheritance model to identify the genetic characteristics of grain traits based on SmartGrain. The results showed that the best genetic model for grain weight was MX2-ADI-ADI; The best genetic model for grain area and grain length were PG-ADI; The best genetic model for grain perimeter length was 2MG-ADI; The best genetic model for grain width was MX2-ADI-AD. Taken together,for the selection of large-grain character,materials with high grain weight should be adopted as the parents to construct F2(single cross) and B2(backcross with large-grain parents) selection population,identified in multiple environments. The large grain characters are suggested to be rigorously selected in the high generations. |
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