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作者	单位
马明明，李迎春，薛澄，张蕾，赵运成，马欣，韩雪，居辉，张馨月	（1. 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，北京100081；2. 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院，河北保定 071000；3. 国家气象中心，北京100081）

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中文摘要:

为精准解析中国冬小麦品质的变异特征及其影响因素，利用地理信息系统（GIS）研究中国冬小麦籽粒品质在2006-2019年的时空分布特征，探究影响冬小麦籽粒品质的关键气象因子，分析冬小麦品质与关键气象因子的空间异质性。结果表明，中国冬小麦籽粒蛋白含量、湿面筋含量和沉淀值在空间上总体呈东北高西南低的变化趋势，各指标在时间上没有一致的变化特征。籽粒蛋白含量与开花至成熟期间最高气温大于30 ℃的天数呈极显著正相关，空间上具有一定正相关特征；湿面筋含量与开花至成熟期的平均气温呈极显著正相关，空间上具有一定正相关特征；沉淀值与开花至成熟期的日照时数呈显著负相关，空间上呈现出明显的负相关。因此，根据影响冬小麦品质形成的关键气象因子，合理布局冬小麦种植区划，制定冬小麦优质发展的气候适宜区，有利于冬小麦品质提升的气候资源高效利用。

英文摘要:

In order to accurately analyze the variation characteristics and influencing factors of Chinese winter wheat quality,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Chinese winter wheat grain quality from 2006 to 2019 were studied by using geographic information system(GIS). The key meteorological factors affecting winter wheat grain quality were explored,and the spatial heterogeneity of winter wheat quality and key meteorological factors was analyzed. The grain protein content,wet gluten content,and sedimentation value were higher in northeast and lower in southwest,but there was no consistent change characteristics on temporal scale. The grain protein content was significantly correlated with the days with the maximum temperature higher than 30 ℃,with a certain positive correlation in space. Wet gluten was significantly positively correlated with the average temperature,with a certain positive correlation in space. The sedimentation value was significantly negatively correlated with sunshine hours,with an obvious negative correlation in space. Therefore,according to the key meteorological factors affecting the formation of winter wheat quality,the rational layout of winter wheat planting zoning and the formulation of climate suitable areas for the development of high-quality winter wheat are conducive to the efficient utilization of climate resources for the improvement of winter wheat quality.

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