In order to clarify the genetic composition of current strong gluten wheat varieties,SDS-PAGE,KASP techniques and 35K SNP chips were used to identify high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits,detect quality-related genes and analyze genetic diversity of 27 representative strong gluten wheat varieties from Huanghuai wheat area.The HMW-GS identification results showed that the distribution frequencies of elite subunits at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci were 85.2%,74.1% and 81.5%,respectively.In terms of subunits combination,the number of cultivars containing three,two,or less desired subunits were 14,10 and 3,accounting for 51.9%,37.0% and 11.1% of the total materials,respectively.Identification results of 1BL/1RS translocation,PPO activity genes and yellow pigment genes showed that the distribution frequencies of excellent haplotypes non-1BL/1RS, Ppo-A1b (low PPO activity), Ppo-D1a (low PPO activity), Psy-A1b (low yellow pigment content) and Psy-B1b (low yellow pigment content) were 66.7%,66.7%,29.6%,48.1% and 51.9%,respectively.There are seven varieties containing two low-PPO active haplotypes ( Ppo-A1b/ Ppo-D1a),accounting for 25.9%.Also,nine varieties contain two low-yellow pigment haplotypes ( Psy-A1b/ Psy-B1b),accounting for 33.3%.The identification of grain hardness genes,except Xinong 529 ( Pina-D1b/Pinb-D1b),showed that all varieties have same genotypes ( Pina-D1a/ Pinb-D1b).From the perspective of multiple elite alleles polymerization,no cultivar can possess all excellent haplotypes at the same time,indicating that the current strong gluten wheat varieties still have great potential for genetic improvement.Genetic diversity analysis showed that the genetic background of the tested varieties was relatively narrow; the genetic distance between the tested varieties varied from 0.028 to 0.495,and the average distance was only 0.397.These varieties can be grouped into three categories by clustering analysis,with 11,7 and 9 varieties in each category.This result basically conforms to the characteristics of regional origin and kinship. |