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作者	单位
谢静敏，侯万伟，张小娟	（1. 青海大学生态环境工程学院，青海西宁 810016； 2. 青海省农林科学院，青海西宁 810016）

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中文摘要:

为研究青海省小麦品种之间的遗传关系和遗传多样性，选取93个青海小麦品种，基于55K SNP芯片对其进行全基因组扫描，并进行遗传多样性分析。结果共扫描到53 063个SNP位点，选择分型成功率（call rate，CR）≥0.90、缺失率＜10%、MAF＞0.05的SNP位点，获得多态性SNP位点50 243个，多态性比率为94.68%。其中多态性位点在第2同源群中分布最多，在第4同源群中分布最少，在基因组中分布呈现B＞A＞D，特别是4D染色体上的多态性SNP分布最少。93个小麦品种的多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.00～0.59，平均值为0.33，为中度多态性位点；两两品种间的遗传距离为0.00～0.67，平均值为0.41。通过聚类分析表明，根据遗传距离可将93个小麦品种划分为8个类群。综上，青海省现有小麦品种的遗传关系较近，需要引进外来品种来丰富青海省小麦品种的遗传多样性，推动小麦品种的选育及研究工作。

英文摘要:

In order to understand the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of wheat varieties in Qinghai Province. Based on 55K SNP array,93 wheat materials from Qinghai Province were scanned for the whole genome and analyzed for genetic diversity. The results showed that from the scanned 53 063 SNP loci(eliminate the SNP loci with call rate≥0.9,deletion rate＜10%,and MAF＞0.05), 50 243 polymorphic SNP loci were obtained with polymorphism rate of 94.68%. Among them,the polymorphic loci were most distributed in the second homologous group but least distributed in the fourth homologous group. The distribution of polymorphic loci in the genome ranks as B>A>D,especially on the 4D chromosome with the least polymorphic SNPs. The polymorphism information content(PIC) of the 93 wheat varieties ranges from 0.00 to 0.59,with an average of 0.33. The genetic distance between two varieties was 0.00-0.67,with an average of 0.41. Cluster analysis showed that the 93 wheat varieties aere divided into eight groups according to genetic distance. To sum up,the genetic relationship of the current wheat varieties in Qinghai Province is relatively close. It is necessary to introduce foreign varieties to enrich the genetic diversity of local wheat varieties and promote the breeding and research of wheat varieties.

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