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作者	单位
何璐，李浩然，李东晓，房琴，何建宁，王红光，李瑞奇	（河北农业大学农学院/省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室/河北省作物生长调控实验室,河北保定 071001）

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中文摘要:

为了明确河北省限灌1水条件下推迟拔节水对小麦群个体结构和质量的影响，于2019-2020年以衡观35和藁优2018为供试材料，全生育期仅灌1水，设置3个灌水时期，分别在拔节期（T1）、拔节后6 d（T2）和拔节后12 d（T3）灌水60 mm，分析推迟拔节水后冬小麦个体结构、群体大小、冠层光分布、花后各叶层衰老以及产量的变化。结果表明，随灌水时期的推迟，两品种上三叶的长度和面积、穗长、株高、穗数、开花期至花后21 d的叶面积指数、冠层光合有效辐射总截获率以及旗叶层光合有效辐射截获率都呈降低趋势，但倒2叶及以下各层的光合有效辐射截获率呈上升趋势。T2和T3处理冠层中下部叶片受光条件的改善显著延缓了叶片SPAD值的衰退，T1处理的倒2叶SPAD值在花后21 d时开始显著低于推迟灌溉处理，倒3叶、倒4叶和倒5叶SPAD值均在开花期时已显著低于推迟灌溉处理，T1处理叶片的早衰使其LAI在花后28 d时低于T2和T3处理。最终T2处理依靠较优的冠层光分布和个体叶片质量获得了最高的籽粒产量，藁优2018的T3处理产量也显著高于T1处理，但衡观35的T3处理因穗数过少，导致产量低于T1处理。拔节后6 d灌溉同步提升了小麦群个体质量，是本试验条件下的最优处理。

英文摘要:

In order to investigate the effects of delayed irrigation at jointing stage on the structure and quality of wheat individual and population under the conditions of limited irrigation of one water in Hebei province, Hengguan 35(HG) and Gaoyou 2018(GY) were used as the experimental materials in 2019-2020. Only one irrigation was conducted during the whole growth period, with three irrigation periods:60 mm at jointing stage(T1), 6 days after jointing stage(T2) and 12 days after jointing stage(T3).The effects of delayed irrigation at jointing stage on individual structure, population size, canopy light distribution, leaf senescence after flowering and yield of winter wheat were studied.The results showed that with the delay of irrigation period, the length and area of the upper three leaves, ear length, plant height, spike number, the leaf area index from anthesis to 21 days after anthesis, the interception rate of photosynthetically active radiation in canopy and flag leaf all showed a decreasing trend for these two varieties. However, the interception rate of photosynthetically active radiation showed an increasing trend in the top second leaf layers and below each leaf layers. The improvement of light conditions in the middle and lower canopy of T2 and T3 significantly delayed the decline of leaf SPAD. The SPAD of the top second leaf under T1 was significantly lower than that of delayed irrigation treatment at 21 days after anthesis, and the SPAD of the top third, fourth and fifth leaves was significantly lower than that of delayed irrigation treatment only at anthesis stage. The premature leaf senescence of T1 caused LAI to drop below that of T2 and T3 at 28 days after anthesis. Finally, T2 achieved the highest grain yield depending on better canopy light distribution and individual leaf quality. In addition, the yield of GY under T3 was significantly higher than that under T1, but the yield of HG under T3 was lower than that under T1 due to few spike number. Irrigation at 6 days after jointing stage improved the individual and population quality of winter wheat synchronously, which was the optimal treatment under the conditions of this experiment.

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