| 肖治林，吴 昊，顾汉柱，张伟杨，顾骏飞，刘立军，王志琴，杨建昌，张 耗.不同栽培措施集成对稻茬小麦产量、农艺及光合特性的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2022,(8):988 |
| 不同栽培措施集成对稻茬小麦产量、农艺及光合特性的影响 |
| Effect of Different Integrated Cultivation Modes on Yield,Agronomic and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Wheat Following Rice Stubble |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2022.08.09 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 栽培措施 产量 冠层结构 光合特性 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Cultivation mode Yield Crown structure Photosynthetic characteristics |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0300206-4）；江苏省六大人才高峰高层次人才项目（SWYY-151)；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目；扬州大学交叉学科高层次青年支持项目 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 313 |
| 全文下载次数: 256 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究不同栽培措施集成对稻茬小麦产量及农艺和光合特性的影响，以小麦品种扬麦16和扬麦20为材料，设置氮空白、当地常规(对照)、减氮、减密减氮、施有机肥、施蚓粪6种栽培措施处理，对不同栽培措施下稻茬小麦产量、干物质积累与转运、冠层光合特性等进行了分析。结果表明，两个品种的产量在不同栽培措施下均表现为施有机肥>施蚓粪>减密减氮>当地常规>减氮>氮空白。与对照相比，两个品种的平均产量在减密减氮、施有机肥和施蚓粪栽培处理下分别提高了7.45%、22.33%和11.02%，而这主要得益于穗数、穗粒数与千粒重的同步提高。各栽培措施处理均显著增加了小麦茎蘖成穗率、拔节期至成熟期的干物质积累量、干物质向籽粒中的分配量及其对籽粒产量的贡献率，提高了开花期的叶面积、比叶重、叶片氮含量和拔节期至成熟期旗叶的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度，降低了开花期的株高、叶角、透光率以及拔节期至成熟期的冠层温度。综合来看，在江苏稻茬麦区，扬麦16和扬麦20均在基本苗192×10株·hm-2、施氮量216 kg·hm-2和有机肥施用量1 800 kg·hm-2条件下可以获得较好的群体质量和冠层光合特性，进而实现高产。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effects of different integrated cultivation modes on yield,agronomic and canopy photosynthetic characteristics of wheat following rice stubble,and put forward the cultivation and regulation technology for increasing yield,the wheat varieties Yangmai 16 and Yangmai 20 were used as materials,and six cultivation modes were set up:nitrogen blank area,local customs,nitrogen reduction,density reduction and nitrogen reduction,organic fertilizer and application of vermicompost. The yield,dry matter accumulation,and canopy photosynthetic characteristics of wheat after rice stubble under different cultivation modes were analyzed. The results showed that the yield of the two varieties under different cultivation modes ranked as:organic fertilizer>application of vermicompost>density reduction and nitrogen reduction > local customs(control) > nitrogen reduction > nitrogen blank area. Compared with the control,the average yield of the two varieties increased by 7.45%,22.33% and 11.02% respectively under the treatment of density reduction and nitrogen reduction,organic fertilizer and application of vermicompost cultivation,which was mainly attributed to the simultaneous increase of spike number,grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight. The above cultivation modes significantly increased the spike rate,dry matter accumulation,dry matter distribution in grains and its contribution rate to grain yield from jointing stage to maturity,increased leaf area,leaf specific weight,leaf nitrogen content at anthesis stage,and net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance of flag leaves from jointing stage to maturity,but decreased plant height,leaf angle,transmittance at anthesis stage and canopy temperature from jointing stage to maturity.In summary,in the rice stubble wheat region of Jiangsu Province,Yangmai 16 and Yangmai 20 with basic seedlings 192×10 plants·hm-2,nitrogen application of 216 kg·hm-2 and on this basis with organic fertilizer 1 800 kg·hm-2 can improve the group quality of wheat and crown photosynthesis characteristics,and thus improve yield. |
|
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
基本信息
