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小麦籽粒因所处穗位和粒位的不同而存在明显的异步灌浆过程，并分为强、弱势籽粒。源库理论是小麦生长与发育的关键理论基础，且对小麦产量和淀粉品质影响较大。为充分了解小麦强、弱势籽粒的发育机制，本文从发育、生理、遗传和分子生物学角度，归纳了小麦强、弱势籽粒的概念及形成假说，并总结了小麦强、弱势籽粒淀粉生长发育过程中的差异，分析了源库协调对小麦强、弱势籽粒的影响，指出了某些方面（如源库协调性、内源激素变化、营养物质等在强、弱势籽粒中的差异）研究的不足，也为今后更深入地研究小麦强、弱势籽粒中淀粉的合成过程理清思路，为提高小麦产量及品质提供相关知识，同时为作物遗传改良提供参考。

英文摘要:

Due to the difference of the ear position and the grain position, the wheat grains have obvious asynchronous filling process and are divided into superior and inferior grains. The source-sink theory is the key theoretical basis of wheat growth and development, which affects the yield of wheat and the quality of starch. In order to fully understand the developmental mechanism of wheat superior and inferior grains, from the perspectives of development, physiology, genetics and molecular biology, we summarized the concept and formation hypothesis of wheat grains, andthe differences in the growth and development process between superior and inferior grains, analyzed the influence of source-sink coordination on the superior and inferior grains of wheat, and pointed out the deficiencies in the study of inferior wheat grains, such as source-sink coordination, endogenous hormone changes, and nutrients in the superior and inferior grains. The synthesis process of starch insuperior and inferior wheat grains were clarified for further study, providing relevant knowledge for improving wheat yield and quality, as well as references for crop genetic improvement.

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