| In order to determine the application value of root anchorage force in wheat production and breeding, 24 varieties (lines) in Huang-Huai river valley winter wheat region were studied. The anchorage strength of a plant and the state of root-soil complex were measured by the method of root anchorage force of wheat. The results showed that the root anchorage force characteristics of wheat had more variations, and the root anchorage force parameters were individually affected by genotype and environment. The mean value and variation range of anchorage force per stem, number of root per stem, anchorage force per root and root dry weight per stem were 19.77 N, 12.51, 0.17 N, 0.13 g and 16.07-24.30 N, 9.50-14.8, 1.13-1.97 N, 0.10-0.18 g, respectively. The generalized heritability of these parameters were 46.3%, 65.6%, 11.5% and 34.9%, respectively. Anchorage force per root was significantly correlated with anchorage force per stem and root number per stem with correlation coefficients of 0.65 and -0.55, respectively. Anchorage force per stem and anchorage force per root were significantly positively correlated with most agronomic traits, such as yield; while root number per stem and root dry weight per stem were significantly negatively correlated with agronomic traits. The 24 varieties (lines) could be clustered into four subgroups. Among them, the fourth subgroup had excellent comprehensive properties, and Zhoumai 22 and Zhoumai 36 were the representatives of the excellent varieties. According to the three types of wheat root-soil complex state and the four levels reflected by anchorage force parameters, root distribution were divided to 12 types. The L type was the most ideal root distribution type with both horizontal and vertical root forms, developed root system, strong tensile force resistance and strong root activity. Root anchorage force can be used as an important parameter and provide theoretical basis for wheat cultivation and breeding in the future. |
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