| In order to understand the progress of wheat genetic improvement and the trait variations in Huang-huai winter wheat region in recent ten years,the yield traits and quality characteristics of 22 derivative lines derived from an important wheat parent Zhoumai 22 were analyzed.The results showed that the average yield and spike number of Zhoumai 22 derivatives increased by 598.7 kg·hm-2 and 12.6 per meter,respectively,and the genetic gains were 10.1% and 17.6%,respectively,with significant differences comparing with Zhoumai 22.However,there was no significant difference in 1 000-grain weight,grain number per spike and plant height between Zhoumai 22 and its derivatives.4 high quality and strong-gluten varieties were derived from Zhoumai 22,accounting for 18.2% of the total derived varieties.Compared with Zhoumai 22,the grain protein content,wet gluten content,SDS sedimentation value and water absorption of Zhoumai 22 derivatives were significantly decreased,and the genetic gains were -4.6%,-11.1%,-5.2% and -1.7%,respectively; but the gluten index and dough stability time were significantly increased,with genetic gains of 148.2% and 41.2%,respectively; the grain hardness and dough development time were slightly lower than those of Zhoumai 22,without significant difference.The increase of yield of Zhoumai 22 derivatives was mainly due to the increase of spike number and 1 000-grain weight.The protein quality traits were improved through genetic improvement,but the protein quantitative traits showed a downward trend.The coordination of protein quality and quantity traits has become the focus and difficulty in wheat quality breeding. |
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