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作者	单位
李春喜，翁正鹏，邵云，李昊烊，马守臣，马冠群	（1.河南师范大学生命科学学院，河南新乡 453007； 2.河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院，河南焦作 454000）

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中文摘要:

两熟种植模式一直是华北平原的主要种植模式，冬季作物以小麦为主，夏季则以玉米、大豆、棉花和薯类等作物为主。为研究不同夏播前茬作物对后茬小麦产量和品质的影响，选用玉米（T1）、大豆（T2）、花生（T3）和甘薯（T4）四种夏播作物，在播种前和收获后检测田间土壤养分变化，以及后茬小麦的籽粒产量和品质。结果表明,大豆收获后，15～30 cm土层土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量分别提高129.75%和43.93%，远高于其他前茬处理；花生收获后，15～30 cm土层土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量与播前相比基本保持平衡；四种前茬处理下土壤速效钾和有机质含量均显著增加。玉米前茬和花生前茬处理下，小麦产量和籽粒中氮、磷、钾的积累量显著高于大豆前茬和甘薯前茬处理，小麦产量比甘薯前茬处理分别提高38.15%和31.13%。花生前茬能够有效提高后茬小麦籽粒干基蛋白、湿面筋含量和籽粒容重，大豆前茬能够提高后茬小麦籽粒的干基淀粉含量，甘薯前茬能够提高后茬小麦的出粉率。总的来看，选择花生做前茬，在保持后茬小麦产量较高的同时，能够提高小麦籽粒的品质性状。

英文摘要:

The double cropping pattern has always been the main planting pattern in the North China plain, with wheat as the main crop in winter and corn, soybean, cotton, potato,et al as the main crop in summer. In order to study the effect of different crops before summer sowing on the yield and quality of wheat, four crops: maize(T1), soybean(T2), peanut(T3) and sweet potato(T4) were selected as summer sowing crops in this study. The contents of soil nutrients before sowing and after harvest, as well as the yield and quality of wheat were determined. The results showed that the content of available N and P were increased by 129.75% and 43.93%，respectively in 15-30 cm soil layer after soybean harvest,which was much higher than that in other treatments; the content of available N and P in 15-30 cm soil layer after peanut harvest basically kept balance compared with that before sowing;The content of available K and organic matter increased significantly under four treatments. The wheat grain yield and the accumulation of grain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the corn stubble and peanut stubble were significantly higher than those with soybean and sweet potato stubble, and the wheat yield with the previous maize stubble and peanut stubble was 38.15% and 31.13% higher than that with the sweet potato stubble,respectively. Peanut stubble can effectively increase the protein content, wet gluten and test weigh of the wheat;Soybean stubble can increase the starch content of wheat grains;Sweet potato stubble can increase the flour rates. In general, choosing peanut as the previous stubble can improve the grain quality while maintaining the yield higher.

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