| In order to explore the yield potential of late sowing wheat,a field experiment,using Yangmai 23 as the experimental material,was done to investigate grain yield and its components,quality and population chacteristics of high-yielding population(8 000 kg·hm-2)of late sowing wheat(approximately 10 days later than a more suitable sowing date). We have established different treatments through density,nitrogen rate and ratio. The results showed that,under late sowing conditions,the structural characteristics of high-yielding population(above 8 000 kg·hm-2) were as follows.The number of spikes,grains per spike,1 000-grain-weight and total grains were 560×10·hm-2,39.0-40.0,37.0 g and 22 000×10,respectively. The main characteristics of the population showed that theratio of stems and tillers at the tillering and jointing stage to ears at maturity were 1.1-1.3 and 2.3-2.5,respectively,and earing percentage of stem and tillers was 40%. The dry matter at anthesis,maturity and from anthesis to maturity were 15 000 kg·hm-2,21 000 kg·hm-2 and more than 6 200 kg·hm-2,respectively. The LAI at the stages of booting,anthesis and milky were about 7.0, 5.6 and 3.2,respectively,and the ratio of grain to leaf(grain number/leaf and grain weight/leaf) were 0.31-0.33 cm-2 per grain and 11.5-11.8 mg·cm-2. The SPAD values in flag leaves of high-yielding population of 8 000 kg·hm-2was higher than that of medium high-yielding population at each stage. Controlling the SPAD value in flag leaves around 43.0-47.0 after 21 days post-anthesis was conducive to archive high yield. For the medium-strong gluten wheat variety Yangmai 23,high-yielding population of 8 000 kg·hm-2 performed not only the higher grain yield,but also the increased protein content and wet gluten content,which was conducive to the improvement of quality. The optimal combination for high-yielding population of Yangmai 23 under late sowing condition was designed with seedling density of 270×10 plants·hm-2,total nitrogen amount of 225 kg·hm-2 with nitrogen management at sowing,tillering,jointing,and booting stages(5∶1∶2∶2 or 4∶2∶1∶3). |
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