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作者	单位
孙海燕，贾菲芸,杨靖，付庆云，茹振钢，李友勇	(河南科技学院生命科技学院/现代生物育种河南省协同创新中心，河南新乡 453003)

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中文摘要:

BNS是一个低温敏感型小麦雄性不育系，穗分化期间8 ℃以下低温可诱导其花粉败育。为了持续观察BNS的不育特性，于2017年秋季分期播种了BNS及其保持系郑麦366。2018年4月5日至6日该地区发生晚霜冻，草面温度-1.7 ℃，许多小麦品种受到冻害。抽穗后，观察BNS和郑麦366两个材料的冻害特征、穗分化进程和自交结实率，结果发现，10月9日正季播种的郑麦366冻害严重，受冻株率超过75%，11月18日播种的郑麦366未受冻；10月1日和11月17日播种的BNS未受冻，期间的5个播期均出现轻度冻害，受冻株率3.7%～5.4%；郑麦366和BNS两个品种冻害发生的温度敏感期均为药隔期至减数分裂期，并且冻害组织单位是整小穗，而非小花；10月1日和9日播种的BNS自交结实率分别为5.08%和10.41%，高于过去年份的结实率水平，分析发现是霜冻发生前12 d 连续15 ℃以上高温所诱导；BNS对低温敏感始于雌雄蕊分化始期，1周左右即可完成不育诱导，此后高温仅转换少部分小花为可育，后来的霜冻强低温也未能恢复BNS为完全不育。

英文摘要:

BNS is a thermo-sensitive wheat male sterile line that can be induced as pollen abortion at low temperature below 8 ℃ during panicle differentiation. In order to continuously observe the sterility characteristics of BNS,BNS and its maintainer line Zhengmai 366 were sown seven times(from October 1 to November 18) in autumn of 2017.A late spring frost occured on April 5 and 6,2018 in this area,with grass surface temperature of -1.7 ℃,and many wheat varieties were damaged. After heading,the characteristics of freezing injury,the process of ear differentiation and the rate of self seed setting of BNS and Zhengmai 366 were observed. The results showed that:Zhengmai 366 sown on October 9 suffered severe freezing injury,with the rate of plant damage more than 75%; Zhengmai 366 sown on November 18 was not frozen. The BNS sown on October 1 and November 17 were not frozen,and there was slight freezing injury in five sowing periods with the rate of plant damage 3.7%-5.4%;The temperature sensitive period of freezing injury of Zhengmai 366 and BNS was from anther differentiation period to meiosis period,and the freezing injury tissue unit was whole spikelet,not floret; The self seed setting rate of BNS sown on October 1 and 9 was 5.08% and 10.41%,respectively, and was higher than that in the past years,which is believed to be induced by high temperature 12 days before frost；The sensitivity of BNS to low temperature began at the beginning of the differentiation of male and female stamens,and the sterile induction can be completed within about one week. After that,only a few florets were transformed to be fertile at high temperature,and BNS can not be completely sterile at high and low temperature.

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