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麦根腐平脐蠕孢是一种可以引起多种植物病害的病原真菌，广泛分布于世界各地，对全世界的禾谷类作物生产带来了不可估量的损失。子囊菌交配型基因具有一定的广泛性，其编码的产物是调控子囊菌有性生殖的重要转录因子。为了对河南、安徽小麦田分离获得的麦根腐平脐蠕孢群体的MAT基因型进行探索，对在河南、安徽两省不同地区分离获得33株麦根腐平脐蠕孢菌株，利用麦根腐平脐蠕孢菌的MAT特异性引物进行基因型检测，并对不同交配型代表菌株进行生长形态、孢子形态观察和致病力测定，对麦根腐平脐蠕孢菌 MAT-2基因进行了系统发育分析。结果表明，河南、安徽两省存在两种MAT基因型的麦根腐平脐蠕孢群体，含有 MAT-2基因的菌株21株，含 MAT-1基因的菌株12株，比例为7∶4（ MAT-2∶ MAT-1）。两种交配型菌株的生长形态、孢子形态和致病力无显著差异，整体分析结果与物种的分子系统学分析表现出来的亲缘关系基本一致。

英文摘要:

The important plant pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana is world-widely distributed and has brought immeasurable losses to the cereal crops all over the world. The ascomycetes mating gene has a certain universality and its encoding product is an important transcription factor that regulates ascomycetes sexual reproduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the MAT genotype of Bipolaris sorokiniana population isolated from the wheat fields in Henan Province and Anhui Province. A total of 33 strains of Bipolaris sorokiniana from different areas of Henan Province and Anhui Province were isolated and identified by MAT specific primers. The growth morphology and conidia morphology of the 33 strains were observed and the pathogenicity was determined, and the phylogenetic tree of the MAT-2 gene was constructed. The results showed that there were two MAT gene populations in Henan Province and Anhui Province, there were 21 strains containing the MAT-2 gene and 12 strains containing the MAT-1 gene, with a ratio of 7∶4 ( MAT-2∶ MAT-1). The comparison results of colony morphology, conidia morphology and pathogenicity of the two MAT-type strains showed no significant difference. The results of the whole analysis are basically consistent with the genetic relationship of the species.

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