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作者	单位
傅晓艺，王红光，刘志连，张聘，李瑞奇	（1.河北农业大学农学院，河北保定 071000； 2.石家庄市农林科学研究院，河北石家庄 050041）

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中文摘要:

为明确同一肥料水平下不同水分处理对小麦氮素和干物质积累与分配的影响，于2018-2019年在防雨棚条件下，以石麦26、藁优2018和冀麦418为材料，采用随机区组试验，设置不灌水（W1，0 mm）、起身水（W2，60 mm）、拔节水（W3，60 mm）、开花水（W4，60 mm）、起身水+开花水（W5，60 mm+60 mm）、拔节水+开花水（W6，60 mm+60 mm）共6个水分处理，分析了不同水分处理下小麦干物质和氮素积累与分配的特点。结果表明，小麦干物质积累量随灌水量的增加而增加。随着生育进程的推进，干物质积累量呈上升趋势，成熟期达到最大值；起身水显著增加拔节期干物重，开花期和成熟期不同处理间干物质积累量差异显著，成熟期W1处理下干物质积累量最小。开花后干物质积累对籽粒的贡献率因品种而异，冀麦418在W6处理下氮素利用效率和氮肥生产效率最高。W5和W6处理显著增加小麦籽粒产量、氮素吸收效率和氮肥生产效率，说明在小麦营养生长阶段水分正常供应的前提下开花期水分对小麦氮素吸收和向籽粒转运影响较大。W6处理为本试验条件下最佳的灌水处理。

英文摘要:

In order to identify the effect of different water treatments with the same fertilizer level on nitrogen and dry matter accumulation and distribution of wheat,the experiment was carried out under the condition of rain proof shed to control natural precipitation in Gaocheng district, Shijiazhuang city, Hebei province from 2018 to 2019. The experiment was carried out by randomized blocks design,and Shimai 26, Gaoyou 2018 and Jimai 418 were used as materials. There were six water treatments:No irrigation(W1, 0 mm), double edges stage(W2, 60 mm), jointing stage(W3, 60 mm), anthesis stage(W4, 60 mm), double edges stage ＆ anthesis stage(W5, 60 mm+60 mm) and jointing stage ＆ anthesis stage(W6, 60 mm+60 mm).Dry matter accumulation was measured at different growth stages. The amounts of nitrogen accumulation and translocation in different organs were determined at anthesis stage and maturity stage. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation was increased with the increase of water quantity. With the development of the growth process, the dry matter accumulation showed an upward trend, reached the maximum value at maturity. The dry matter increased significantly at jointing stage under W2 and W5.There was a significant difference at the anthesis and maturity stages among the treatments, and the dry matter accumulation was the lowest under W1 at maturity. The contribution rate of dry matter accumulation and the input grain amount to grain yield after anthesis varied among varieties, the nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen production efficiency of Jimai 418 under W6 was the highest. W5 and W6 treatments significantly increased grain yield, nitrogen uptake efficiency and nitrogen production efficiency. The results showed that water at anthesis stage was the key factor to the absorption efficiency and transport of fertilizer under the premise of normal water supply in the vegetative growth stage.It was suggested that W6 was the best irrigation regime.

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