| In order to find out the relationship between population characteristics and yield in different yield levels of winter wheat in Xinjiang, Xindong 41, a winter wheat variety, was used as material with three yield levels, i.e. super-high yield (≥9 000 kg·hm-2), high yield (7 500-9 000 kg·hm-2) and farmer yield(6 000-7 500 kg·hm-2), by adopting different fertilization and cultivation management.The population characteristics, yield and structural differences were compared and analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the number of spikes among super-high yield, high yield and farmer yield wheat; with the increase of yield level, the number of grains per spike increased, with significant difference between different yield levels; there was no significant difference in 1 000-grain weight between super-high yield and high-yield wheat, but significantly higher than that of farmer wheat. With the increase of yield level, LAI, leaf area duration, photosynthetic potential, LAI increase rate and population growth rate increased gradually at booting stage, flowering stage and grain filling stage, but there was no significant difference in net assimilation rate among different yield levels. The key of super-high yield and high-yield cultivation is to increase the number of spikes and 1 000-grain weight on the basis of suitable number of harvested spikes. Increasing the number of grains per ear is the key to realize the super-high yield and reduce the yield gap. On the basis of suitable photosynthetic area at booting stage, higher photosynthetic area is suggested to be maintained after anthesis, to increase biomass and grain weight. |
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