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作者	单位
张芳 ,任毅，严勇亮，付婧璇，耿洪伟	（1.新疆农业大学农学院，农业生物技术重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830052；2.新疆农业科学院，农作物品种资源研究所，新疆乌鲁木齐 830091）

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中文摘要:

为探究小麦粒重基因型的等位变异情况，利用位于7DS和2AL染色体上粒重相关基因 TaGS-D1和 TaFlo2-A1共显性标记GS7D和TaFlo2-InDel8对298份国内外冬小麦品种（系）进行等位变异检验，分析了各等位变异及组合与千粒重的相关性和在不同小麦类型中的分布情况。结果表明，参试材料千粒重平均为37.65 g，且品种间的粒重遗传变异较大。携有 TaGS-D1a等位基因的小麦品种(系)的千粒重 (38.18 g)显著高于 TaGS-D1b(35.61 g)(P<0.01)；携有 TaFlo2-A1b等位基因的小麦品种(系)的千粒重(39.12 g)显著高于 TaFlo2-A1a(37.31 g)(P<0.01)。从两个基因位点形成的4种基因组合来看，具有高千粒重的 TaGS-D1a/TaFlo2-A1b基因型的千粒重均极显著高于其他基因型(P<0.01)。不同等位基因及基因型在各小麦类型中分布不同，其中 TaGS-D1a在西南冬麦区占比较大， TaFlo2-A1b在长江中下游冬麦区占比较大。具有中间型千粒重的 TaGS-D1a/TaFlo2-A1a基因型在各小麦类型中分布频率最高，具有高千粒重的 TaGS-D1a/TaFlo2-A1b基因型仅在长江中下游冬麦区分布频率较高。

英文摘要:

In order to explore the synergistic effect of grain weight genotypes on 1 000-kernel weight,a total of 298 winter wheat varieties(lines) were tested using the co-dominant markers GS7D and TaFlo2-InDel8 for TaGS-D1 and TaFlo2-A1 genes on the 7DS and 2AL chromosomes,and the correlation between the allelic variation and their combinations and the thousand-kernel weight,and the distribution of the genotypes in the wheat were analyzed. The results showed that the averaged kernel weight of the tested wheat varieties(lines) was 37.65 g,and the genetic variation of kernel weight among the varieties was large. The 1 000-kernel weight of wheat varieties(lines) with TaGS-D1a (38.18 g) allele was significantly higher than that of varieties with TaGS-D1b (35.61 g)(P<0.01)；the 1 000-kernel weight of wheat varieties(lines) with TaFlo2-A1b (39.12 g) was significantly higher than that of varieties with TaFlo2-A1a (37.31 g)(P<0.01). Combining the two loci to form four genotypic combinations showed that the TaGS-D1a/ TaFlo2-A1b genotypic combination with high 1 000-grain weight was significantly higher than that of other combinations. Different allelic variations and their combinations are distributed differently among wheat types. TaGS-D1a accounts for a large proportion in the Southwest winter wheat regions； TaFlo2-A1b accounts for a large proportion in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River winter wheat region. The distribution frequency of TaGS-D1a/TaFlo2-A1a combination was the highest in each wheat type,and the distribution frequency of TaGS-D1a/TaFlo2-A1b combination with high 1 000-grain weight was relatively high in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River winter wheat region.

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