欢迎访问《麦类作物学报》编辑部网站

作者	单位
吴玥，刘红杰，胡新，宋吉青，吕国华，纪冰祎，白文波	（1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，北京 100081； 2.河南省商丘市农林科学院，河南商丘 476000； 3.辽宁省旱地农林研究所，辽宁朝阳 122000）

摘要点击次数: 796

全文下载次数: 576

中文摘要:

为明确不同有效成分的化学调控剂对冬小麦生长和产量形成的调控作用，采用田间试验，比较了自主研发的微量元素拌种剂（WB）、黄酮类叶面喷施剂（Phu）、磷胺类叶面喷施剂（Pan）以及拌种组合喷施制剂（Whu和Wan）对冬小麦干物质积累与分配以及籽粒灌浆过程与产量的影响。结果表明，WB、Whu和Wan处理均能增加冬小麦穗数、穗粒数和千粒重，增产16.51%以上。与喷施自来水（CK）相比，WB、Whu和Wan处理对各生育期冬小麦不同器官干物质积累量均具有增加效应；所不同的是，WB处理对冬小麦的促进效应在拔节期和抽穗期凸显，而Whu和Wan处理对小麦开花后的促进作用更大；并且Whu处理的花前干物质转运率和花前干物质转运对籽粒的贡献率分别较CK提高了13.42%和17.96%（P<0.05）。开花43 d内，各处理均能延长小麦的籽粒灌浆持续期，且Wan处理使灌浆持续期延长了3.82 d（P<0.05），Phu处理使小麦的最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率较CK分别提高了5.71%和5.76%（P<0.05）。说明不同化学调控剂对小麦的增产作用与干物质积累和转运能力以及籽粒灌浆有关，并且拌种和叶面喷施组合具有协同效应。

英文摘要:

The effects of different chemical regulators on the growth and yield formation of winter wheat in the field experiment were studied from 2017 to 2018. The dry matter accumulation and translocation, grain filling process and yield components of winter wheat were compared with different self-developed chemical regulators(WB:Seed mixed with microelements; Phu:Foliar spray with flavonoids;Pan:Foliar spray with phosphine amine; Whu:The combination treatment of WB and Phu;Wan:The combination treatment of WB and Pan).Results indicated that the WB, Whu and Wan treatments increased the spike number, grain number per spike and the 1 000-grain weight of winter wheat, and the mean yield under all the above regulator treatments were all increased more than 16.51% . Compared with CK, treatments of WB,Whu and Wan had the increased effects on dry matter accumulation in different organs of winter wheat at different growth stages. The promotion effect was prominent at jointing and heading stages under WB treatment, while it was greater at post-anthesis stage under Whu and Wan treatments; especially under Whu treatment, dry-matter translocation rate and contribution rate of grain yield were increased by 13.42% and 17.96%, respectively. The active grain filling processes treated with different chemical regulators were all lengthened than those of CK, and it was significantly lengthened for 3.82 d under Wan treatment. The maximum grain filling rate under Phu and mean grain filling rate were increased by 5.71% and 5.76%, respectively. It can be concluded that the high yield of winter wheat was related to the improved ability of dry matter accumulation and translocation, and enhanced grain-filling process under different chemical regulator treatments. Moreover, a synergistic effect was found with the combination treatments of seed mixing and foliar spray.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭