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作者	单位
孙辉，张立平，陈兆波，白建芳，白秀成，杨吉芳，张风廷，赵昌平	（北京市农林科学院北京杂交小麦工程技术研究中心/杂交小麦分子遗传北京市重点实验室，北京100097）

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中文摘要:

为了解BS型小麦光温敏雄性不育系光合特性的差异，分析其光合特性的影响因子，以指导高光效不育系的选育，以6份BS型小麦光温敏不育系和常规品种京411为研究材料，于北京顺义（不育系繁殖区）和河南南阳（不育系制种区）分期播种，分析不同材料在抽穗期、开花期和花后30 d的净光合速率（P_n）、气孔导度（G_s）、胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）、蒸腾速率（T_r）、叶绿素荧光参数（F_v/F_m）等光合特性指标的差异，以及不同区域不育系的P_n、T_r和结实率与播期、旗叶面积及株高的相关性。结果表明，不育系的P_n、G_s、T_r和F_v/F_m变化趋势均为抽穗期或开花期达到最高值，花后30 d降为最低值，而C_i的变化趋势为花后30 d达到最高值。P_n和T_r较高的材料为BS485，G_s和T_r较高的材料为BS366；P_n较低的材料为BS93，T_r较低的材料为BS1453和BS210。在北京顺义，P_n与结实率、G_s、T_r和F_v/F_m呈正相关，与旗叶面积呈负相关；T_r与播期、P_n和G_s呈正相关，与株高和F_v/F_m呈负相关；结实率与P_n呈正相关，与旗叶面积呈负相关。对P_n影响最主要的因子是播期和T_r，其次是结实率、F_v/F_m、G_s和旗叶面积；对T_r影响最主要的因子是播期、G_s和P_n，其次是株高和F_v/F_m；对结实率影响最主要的因子是P_n，其次是G_s和旗叶面积。在河南南阳，P_n和结实率与各因子相关性均不显著；T_r与播期和G_s呈正相关，与C_i呈负相关；对T_r影响最主要的因子是播期和G_s，其次是C_i。

英文摘要:

To investigate the differences and influencing factors of photosynthetic characteristics among the BS type photo-thermal sensitive male sterile lines of wheat and provide basis for breeding of the high photosynthetic efficiency male sterile lines,six BS type male sterile lines and a conventional variety Jing 411 were studied in this study. The materials were planted in Shunyi of Beijing and Nanyang of Henan province and collected at heading,flowering and 30 days after flowering. Net photosynthetic rate(P_n),stomatal conductance(G_s),intercellular CO₂ molar fraction(C_i),transpiration rate(T_r),and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters(F_v/F_m) of the six male sterile lines and a conventional variety Jing 411 were analyzed. In addition,correlation between net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate and other factors of male sterile lines was also analyzed. The results showed that the values of P_n,G_s,T_r and F_v/F_m were the highest at heading or flowering stage while lowest at 30 days after flowering; while C_i showed the opposite trend.The P_n and T_rof BS485 were significantly higher than those of other materials,and the G_s and T_r of BS366 were significantly higher than those of other materials;while P_n of BS93 was significantly lower than that of other materials,and T_r of BS1453 and BS210 was significantly lower than that of other materials.For the materials planted in Shunyi,P_n had positive correlations with seed setting rate,G_s,T_r,and F_v/F_m,but negatively correlated with flag leaf area.T_r was positively correlated with sowing date,P_n and G_s while negatively correlated with plant height and F_v/F_m. Seed setting rate had positive correlation with P_nwhile negative correlation with flag leaf area.Furthermore,the most important factors affecting P_n were sowing date and T_r,followed by seed setting rate,F_v/F_m,G_s and flag leaf area.The most important factors affecting T_r were sowing date,G_s and P_n,followed by plant height and F_v/F_m. The most important factors affecting seed setting rate were P_n,followed by G_s and flag leaf area.For those materials planted in Nanyang,P_n and seed setting rate had no significant correlation with each factor. T_r had positive correlation with sowing date and G_s,while negative correlation with C_i;sowing date and G_s were the most important factors affecting T_r,followed by C_i.

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