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作者	单位
苏宁，何兆峰，欧平和，杨玉存，王鹏程，崔立操，聂小军	（1.西北农林科技大学农学院，陕西杨凌 712100； 2.江西农业大学生命科学学院，江西南昌 330045）

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中文摘要:

为了从叶绿体角度解析小麦属植物的起源进化关系，以14个小麦属植物叶绿体基因组为对象，利用比较基因组分析方法，比较了小麦属植物的叶绿体基因组基因含量、序列变异、结构特性、进化关系和RNA编辑的异同。结果发现，14个小麦属植物叶绿体基因组大小相近，结构特征比较保守，但基因数量存在一定的差异，主要是由于tRNA的数目不一致引起的；IR区的伸缩分析发现硬粒小麦和乌拉尔图小麦在IRb-SSC边界基因存在明显的差异，其他麦类作物间差异很小；基于叶绿体全基因组的系统进化分析发现，有AABB基因型的物种聚在一起，而AAGG型的单独为一支，基本反映了其系统进化关系；对这14个叶绿体基因组的RNA编辑位点进行了预测和比较分析，发现有35个编辑位点在所有小麦属物种中均发生，同时还鉴定到多个物种特异的编辑位点,为从RNA编辑角度解析小麦属植物的系统进化关系提供了重要数据。

英文摘要:

To analyze the origin and evolution of Triticum species from the perspective of chloroplast genome,we investigated and compared the gene content,sequence variations,structural organization and evolutionary relationship as well as RNA editing sites of 14 Triticum chloroplast genomes.Results showed that the length of these chloroplast genomes were similar,and structural characteristics were rather conservative,although there were some variations in gene content,which is mainly due to the difference of tRNA abundance.Analysis of the IR contraction or expansion showed that durum wheat and T.uratu had significant differences in IRb-SSC borders,together with the space to adjacent genes while there was little difference among other Triticum species.Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete cp genomes showed that the species with AABB genotype clustered together,while AAGG genotype clustered into a single branch,which accurately represented their phylogenetic relationship.Finally,the RNA editing sites of these chloroplast genomes were predicted and compared.It was found that there are 35 editing sites in all of 14 species,and several species-specific editing sites were also identified,which provide the useful information to analyze the phylogenetic relationships of the Triticum genus from the perspective of RNA editing sites.This study laid the foundation for further research on the origin and evolution of wheat and its relative species.

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