| 赵向阳，安志超，陈明优，王晨珲，郭校伟，崔振岭.曲周县冬小麦产量差及限制因素分析[J].麦类作物学报,2019,(11):1368 |
| 曲周县冬小麦产量差及限制因素分析 |
| Analysis of Yield Gaps and Limiting Factors of Winter Wheat in Quzhou County |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2019.11.13 |
| 中文关键词: 冬小麦 产量差 管理措施 学历及务工状况 |
| 英文关键词:Winter wheat Yield gaps Management measures Education and work status |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0200107） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为解析冬小麦产量差的产生机制和高产的限制因子，对河北省曲周县123个农户田块进行田间管理实时跟踪和农户走访调研，结合社会因素分析了田块尺度产量差及其影响因素。结果表明，农户田块的产量范围为7.09~9.93 t·hm-2，田块间变异为2.84 t·hm-2，田块产量变异较大。小农户生产条件下产量差的产生是由诸多因素综合导致的，这些因素包括品种、播期、播量、耕作方式、灌水、肥料（N、P2O5、K2O）施用量、N基施比、生育期内灌水次数等。其中，造成该地区产量差的主导因素按照影响力由大到小依次为春季第一次灌水时间、播量、播期。同时，农户的学历水平、投入农田管理的时间也是产量差形成的重要因素。因此，小农户生产条件下冬小麦产量的提高需要简化和综合的高产技术措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to analyze the mechanism of yield gaps and the limiting factor for high yield of winter wheat,we conducted real-time tracking of field management and visiting 123 farmers,and studied field scale yield gaps and production constraints combined with social factors in Quzhou county.The results showed that the yield of farmer’s field ranged from 7.09 to 9. 93 t·hm-2,and the variation among the field plots was 2.84 t·hm-2.The yield gap of small holder farmers is caused by a combination of factors,including variety,sowing date,sowing amount,land preparation method,irrigation,N,P2O5,and K2O application rate,N-base application ratio,and irrigation times during wheat growth period. The leading factors causing the poor yield in the region are:the first irrigation time in spring,the sowing amount and the sowing date. The education level of farmers and the time of investment in farmland management are also important factors in the formation of poor yield. Therefore,the improvement of winter wheat yield under the production conditions of small holder farmers requires the simplified and comprehensive high-yield technical measures. |
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