欢迎访问《麦类作物学报》编辑部网站

作者	单位
刘扬,梁智慧,孙淑珍,田中伟,戴廷波	(1.南京农业大学农学院/农业部作物生理生态与生产管理重点实验室/江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心,江苏南京 210095 2.石河子大学农学院/新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点开放实验室,新疆石河子 832000 3.江苏省淮安市淮安区农业技术推广中心,江苏淮安 223200)

摘要点击次数: 721

全文下载次数: 778

中文摘要:

为明确小麦萌发期的高铵胁迫临界浓度以及耐高铵胁迫的基因型差异,采用温室水培方法,通过研究不同铵(NH⁺₄-N) 浓度对小麦种子萌发时期的形态学影响以及不同品种对高铵环境的响应,系统评价了24个小麦品种间种子萌发耐高铵胁迫的基因型差异。结果表明，随着铵浓度的升高，种子发芽率、总根长、根数、株高、胚根干重和胚芽鞘干重逐渐降低；当铵浓度为5.0 mM时，上述指标较对照均显著降低。此外，5.0 mM铵显著降低了萌发种子内α-淀粉酶活性、可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量，增加了淀粉含量，表明5.0 mM铵抑制萌发种子贮藏物质动员，影响小麦种子萌发形态形成，确定5.0 mM为高铵胁迫临界浓度。从相关性分析结果发现，胚根长度与胚芽鞘长度的相关性达到显著水平；胚根干重与根冠比和植株干重的相关性达到极显著水平，表明根系对高铵胁迫的响应更敏感。以胚根长度、胚芽鞘长度、植株干重和根冠比耐性指数为筛选指标，将24个小麦品种分为高铵敏感型、中间型和耐高铵型。

英文摘要:

The hydroponic experiments were conducted to explorer the effects of different concentrations of ammonium on seed germination of wheat,and to evaluate the genotypic differences of 24 wheat cultivars under the optimal elevated ammonium nutrition(EAN) during seed germination. The results showed that seed germination rate,total length of radicle and coleoptiles,radicle number and plant dry weight were decreased along with the increase of ammonium concentration,while remaining seed dry weight was increased. When ammonium concentration reached to 5.0 mM,there were significant differences in morphological traits,α-amylase activity,content of soluble sugar,free amino acids and starch comparing to those of control(5.0 mM NO^-₃). Thus,the optimal EAN concentration for further experiment is 5.0 mM.There are significant correlation between relative length of radicle and coleoptiles,and radicle dry weight and root to shoot ratio and/or plant dry weight,indicating that radicle growth is more sensitive to EAN. Therefore,with relative length of radicle and coleoptiles,plant dry weight and root to shoot ratio as screening index,the 24 wheat cultivars were classified into three types by cluster analysis:elevated ammonium sensitivity,moderate and tolerant type.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭