| 孙 婉，高宏欢，刘素君，杜晨阳，黄 鑫，卢红芳，王晨阳，谢迎新，马冬云.两种灌水条件下4种氮源对小麦籽粒淀粉含量及其特性的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2019,(11):1343 |
| 两种灌水条件下4种氮源对小麦籽粒淀粉含量及其特性的影响 |
| Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Types on Starch Characteristics ofWheat Grain under Two Irrigation Conditions |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2019.11.10 |
| 中文关键词: 灌水条件 氮源类型 淀粉特性 小麦 |
| 英文关键词:Irrigation conditions Nitrogen fertilizer types Starch characteristics Wheat |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300404）；河南省自然科学基金项目（162300410137） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确不同水分条件下氮源类型对小麦籽粒淀粉含量及其特性的影响，以郑麦366（强筋）和百农207（中筋）两个小麦品种为试验材料，分别在全生育期不灌水和灌拔节期+抽穗期2水条件下，研究了4种氮源（硝酸钙、硝酸铵钙、尿素和氯化铵）对小麦籽粒淀粉含量及其特性的影响。结果表明，灌2水条件下，小麦籽粒总淀粉含量、淀粉糊化特性及小淀粉粒占比均高于不灌水处理。灌水和氮源类型对淀粉含量、糊化特性及淀粉粒度分布有交互作用。在不灌水条件下，施用尿素籽粒淀粉含量和支链淀粉含量较高。在灌2水条件下，百农207以硝酸钙处理的淀粉峰值粘度、小淀粉粒表面积和体积占比最高；而郑麦366淀粉峰值粘度和小淀粉粒数量则分别以施用硝酸钙和硝酸铵钙最高。郑麦366在两种水分条件下均以施用硝酸铵钙淀粉失水率最低。品种对水分和氮肥类型的响应存在差异，总体而言，灌2水条件下，施用硝酸钙有利于淀粉糊化特性的改善；不灌水条件下，施用尿素有利于淀粉含量和支/直比提高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to provide some useful information for wheat production with high yield and high quality,two wheat cultivars with different gluten strength were planted with four types of nitrogen fertilizer application under two irrigation conditions. The results showed that the starch content,pasting characteristics and the ratio of small size starch granule were increased under W2 treatment(irrigation at jointing and heading stages) in comparison with those under no-irrigation treatment. There are interaction of irrigation and nitrogen types on starch content,pasting characteristics and starch granule distribution. Urea application under no-irrigation conditions increased starch content and amylase content. Under irrigation treatment,wheat cultivar Bainong 207 behaved the highest peak viscosity,surface area and volume ratio of small starch granule when applied with calcium nitrate,while Zhengmai 366 exhibited the highest peak viscosity and small starch granule content under calcium nitrate and calcium ammonium nitrate treatments,respectively. Additionally,Zhengmai 366 exhibited the lowest rate of starch water loss with calcium ammonium nitrate application under irrigation or no-irrigation conditions. There are differences in the response to irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer types among cultivars. Over all,application of calcium nitrate as nitrogen fertilizer improves starch pasting characteristics under irrigation conditions,whereas urea would help to increase starch content and the ratio of amylopectin to amylose under no-irrigation conditions. |
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