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作者	单位
李慧娟，杨阳，常平，郑甲成，陈亮，胡银岗	（西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室，陕西杨凌 712100）

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中文摘要:

为探究小麦TaER基因调控蒸腾效率及抗旱性的分子机制，以2个T₃代转TaER基因株系及其野生型为材料，对其正常灌溉和干旱胁迫处理下的灌浆期旗叶进行转录组（RNA-seq）测序，分析其差异表达基因并进行GO和KEGG富集分析，探究其功能及可能参与的调控通路，同时测定光合及蒸腾参数。结果表明，与野生型相比，TaER过表达株系在正常灌溉和干旱胁迫下分别获得1 439和607个共同的差异表达基因；GO富集分析发现，光合作用、脂质和膜脂代谢基因响应干旱胁迫；KEGG富集分析表明，亚油酸和α-亚麻酸代谢中的酯氧合酶、甘油脂代谢中的糖基转移酶基因均上调表达，光合作用相关基因响应干旱胁迫；干旱胁迫下，TaER过表达株系的净光合速率和水分利用效率较高，蒸腾速率较低。综上所述，TaER过表达株系可能是通过调控脂类代谢及光合作用等生物过程，提高光合速率及水分利用效率，从而适应干旱胁迫的。

英文摘要:

In order to explore the molecular mechanism of wheat TaER gene in regulating transpiration efficiency and drought resistance,two T₃ generation TaER transgenic lines and their wild type were used as materials. The TaER over-expressing lines L1,L2 and the wild type were grown in normal irrigation and drought stress conditions,and the flag leaves at grain-filling stage were used for transcriptome analysis by RNA-seq. The differentially expressed genes(DEGs) between wild type and over-expression lines were annotated with Gene Ontology(GO) and KEGG database to understand the functions and the regulation pathways,and the photosynthetic and transpiration traits were also investigated. Both over-expressing lines showed 1 439 and 607 common DEGs under normal irrigation and drought stress compared with the wild type,respectively; The GO expression enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that the photosynthesis,lipid and membrane lipid metabolism-related genes in TaER over-expressed strains responded to drought stress; KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that lipoxygenase genes of linoleic acid metabolism and α-linolenic acid metabolism were up-regulated,and glycosyltransferase genes of glyceride metabolism were up-regulated,and the photosynthesis-related genes responded to drought stress. The net photosynthetic rate and instantaneous water use efficiency of TaER over-expression lines was increased,and transpiration rate was decreased under drought stress. In summary,TaER over-expression lines may be adapted to drought stress by regulating biological processes such as linoleic acid metabolism and photosynthesis to increase photosynthetic rate and transpiration efficiency.

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