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作者	单位
杨卫君，吴高明，高文翠，张金汕，石书兵，贾永红	（1.新疆农业大学农学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830000；2.新疆裕民县农业技术推广站，新疆裕民 834800；3.新疆农业科学院奇台麦类试验站，新疆奇台 831800）

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中文摘要:

为了解北疆灌区冬小麦生理和产量对气温升高的响应，以自然生长为对照（CK），采用远红外辐射器模拟增温（FATI）的方法，从起身期后对冬小麦进行夜间增温（T₁₂）、全天增温（T₂₄）处理，分析了不同增温对冬小麦生长、光合和产量的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，增温后小麦株高和干物质总积累量变化不明显，绿叶面积在开花期前后分别增大和下降，穗部干物质的分配比例降低。增温虽然对小麦净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度有一定的影响，但缺乏规律性。增温后小麦穗粒数和千粒重均略有下降，T₂₄和T₁₂处理分别增加和减少了穗数，分别导致小麦产量下降1.7%和18.9%，其中T₁₂处理减产效应明显。这说明增温会引起冬小麦功能叶片过早衰老，减少光合产物向穗部的输送，不利于产量形成。

英文摘要:

To understand how the yield of irrigated winter wheat in Northern Xinjiang might be affected by climate warming, a set of manipulative experiments was conducted in QiTai by using the technique of Free Air Temperature Increase(FATI) in the field. Three warming treatments(T₁₂: night warming; T₂₄: all-day warming; CK: control) were applied from setting stage to maturity. The results show that warming affect the growth and the yield of winter wheat through changing the photosynthetic characteristics and the growth index, like leaf area, plant height, dry matter partitioning. The yield decreased by 1.7% with all-day warming treatment, while decreased 18.9% significantly with night warming. Our findings are consistent with some of previous reports of yield decreases with warming. The result showed that warming would cause premature senescence of functional leaves of winter wheat, would reduce the transport of photosynthetic products to ear, which was not conducive to yield formation.

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