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为探究油菜素内酯（BL）对小麦幼苗根系发育的影响，以两个小麦品种中国春和辽春10号为实验材料，通过水培方法分析了不同浓度外源BL（0 nmol·L^-1、5 nmol·L^-1、25 nmol·L^-1、100 nmol·L^-1、1 μmol·L^-1）和BRZ（BR合成抑制剂，100 nmol·L^-1、1 μmol·L^-1和10 μmol·L^-1）处理下小麦幼苗根系的形态、长度、直径、侧根、侧根原基及其长出速率的差异。结果表明，经过不同浓度的 BL和BRZ处理后，两个小麦品种的幼苗地上部生长发育没有明显的差异，但是根系发育发生了显著的变化。较低浓度的BL（5 nmol·L^-1）处理会使根长增加，但高浓度BL（100 nmol·L^-1 、1 μmol·L^-1）处理会使根系伸长生长受到极显著的抑制；随着BL浓度的增大，根系直径越来越小。BRZ处理后小麦根系发育表现出相反的趋势，进一步证明BR激素对小麦根长、根径与侧根发生过程具有重要调控作用。细胞学观察的结果表明，BL主要通过调控根成熟细胞长度变化来影响小麦幼苗根系伸长生长。

英文摘要:

To clarify the function of Brassinolide(BL) in root development at wheat seedling stage, we applied different concentrations of BL(0 nmol·L^-1, 5 nmol·L^-1, 25 nmol·L^-1, 100 nmol·L^-1and 1 μmol·L^-1) and BRZ(100 nmol·L^-1, 1 μmol·L^-1 and 10 μmol·L^-1) which is a synthesis inhibitor of BL on two spring wheat varieties, Chinese Spring(CS) and Liaochun 10(Liao 10), and investigated the effects of BL and BRZ on root morphology, including root length, root diameter, lateral root primordia, lateral root and its growth rate. Our results showed that the root morphology was significantly altered with different concentrations of BL and BRZ. Low concentration treatment of BL resulted in increased root length and the concentration of 5 nmol·L^-1BL was most appropriate. When the concentration was increased to 100 nmol·L^-1and 1 μmol·L^-1, the root growth was inhibited significantly. With the increase of BL concentration, the diameter of wheat root showed a decrease alteration, while the BRZ treatment showed a completely opposite effect on root development, which further supports the BR regulation of root length, root diameter and lateral root formation in wheat. These cytological observations indicated that the root length of wheat seedling is affected by BL mainly via increasing the length of mature root cells.

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