| 赵 帅，罗文巧，王 聪，吴洪启，汪 勇，王中华,权 力.小麦不同器官表皮蜡质的组分及晶体结构分析[J].麦类作物学报,2018,(8):949 |
| 小麦不同器官表皮蜡质的组分及晶体结构分析 |
| Analysis of Composition and Crystal Structure of Cuticular Waxes on Different Organs of Wheat(Triticum aestivum) |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2018.08.10 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 表皮蜡质 晶体结构 蜡质成分 失水率 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Cuticular wax Crystal structure Wax composition Water loss |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31471568）；西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为分析小麦不同器官表皮蜡质组分和晶体结构的差异，以表皮蜡质为绿色表型的小麦品种泰山4447和白霜状表型的济麦6097为供试材料，在抽穗期分别提取穗部、叶鞘、穗下茎、旗叶、倒二叶、倒三叶和倒四叶七个不同器官的表皮蜡质，利用气相-质谱联用（GC-MS）和气相色谱（GC-FID）对各器官表皮蜡质组分进行定性和定量分析，使用场发式扫描电子显微镜观察各器官表皮蜡质的晶体结构，并对小麦旗叶进行失水率检测。结果表明，两小麦品种各器官表皮蜡质的成分主要包含初级醇、二酮、烷烃、脂肪醛、脂肪酸、酯等脂肪族化合物。泰山4447和济麦6097的穗下茎、叶鞘和颖壳表皮蜡质中二酮的含量显著高于旗叶、倒二叶、倒三叶和倒四叶，济麦6097的旗叶、穗下茎、叶鞘和颖壳表皮蜡质中二酮的含量显著高于泰山4447各器官。扫描电镜观察表明，两个小麦品种的旗叶近轴面、倒二叶、倒三叶和倒四叶的蜡质晶体为片状结构，旗叶远轴面、穗下茎和叶鞘上的蜡质晶体呈管状结构，泰山4447的颖壳表皮蜡质中管状晶体和片状晶体共存，而济麦6097的颖壳表皮蜡质中晶体结构则完全为管状。泰山4447的旗叶水分非气孔性散失速率高于济麦6097。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to analyse the difference of waxy composition and crystal structures on different organs of wheat,a glossy wheat variety Taishan 4447 and a glaucous wheat variety Jimai 6097 were selected to evaluate for differences in the cuticular wax composition and the crystal morphology on flag leaf,top second leaf,top third leaf,top fourth leaf,glume,peduncle and sheath by GC-MS,GC-FID and SEM at heading date. The influence of cuticular waxes on flag leaves,epidermal permeability was characterized by water loss. The results showed that 29 compounds were identified as the wax components on different organs of wheat,such as primary alcohols,diketones,alkanes,fatty aldehydes,fatty acids and esters. The majority content of diketones was detected in peduncle,leaf sheath and glume of Taishan 4447 and Jimai 6097,only less proportion of diketones was detected in the remaining organs. The content of diketones in flag leaf,glume,peduncle and sheath of Jimai 6097 was more than that of Taishan 4447. The wax crystal structure on adaxial surface of flag leaf blade,top second leaf,top third leaf and top fourth leaf was platelet shaped structure. Tubule crystals were found on leaf sheaths,abaxial surface of flag leaf blade and peduncles. Particularly,the glume surface of Taishan 4447 were covered with tubule-shaped crystals,while tubule crystals were found on the glume surface of Jimai 6097. The Epidermal permeability tests showed that Taishan 4447 displayed more rapidly water loss,compared with Jimai 6097. |
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