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为了解新麦草的种子产量及繁殖性状间的关系，对27份新麦草种质资源的单株种子产量与7个产量性状的关联性进行了分析。结果表明，新麦草的单株生殖枝数、穗轴节数、单穗小花数和千粒重与单株种子产量关联最密切，其相关性表现为单株生殖枝数＞千粒重＞穗轴节数＞单穗小花数。经通径分析，单株生殖枝数（X₁）对单株种子产量（Y）直接效应最大，其余依次是单穗小花数（X₄）、单穗小穗数（X₃）、千粒重（X₇）、穗轴节数（X₂）和单穗结实种子数（X₅），其中单穗结实种子数和结实率对种子产量均表现为负效应，且未达到显著水平。经逐步回归分析得到回归方程Y= -9.880 2+0.27X₁+0.012X₄+2.011 1X₇（R=0.805 8，P<0.001），说明提高单株生殖枝数、千粒重、单穗小花数对新麦草增产的贡献最大，增加结实率也可间接提高新麦草的单株种子产量。

英文摘要:

In order to discuss the relationship between seed yield of Psathyrostachys juncea materials and reproductive related traits,and compare the difference of related traits seed yield of Psathyrostachys juncea,association analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between seed yield of 27 Psathyrostachys juncea accessions and seven seed yield related traits.Correlation analysis showed that the most relative traits were reproductive tiller number,node number per spike,floret number per spike and 1 000-grain weight.The correlation coefficients ranked as reproductive tiller number>1 000-grain weight>node number per spike>floret number per spike.Path-coefficient analysis indicated that the largest direct effect factor on seed yield per plant(Y) of Psathyrostachys juncea was reproductive tiller number(X₁),followed by floret number per spike(X₄),spikelet number per spike(X₃),1 000-grain weight(X₇),node number per spike(X₂) and seed number per spike(X₅).Among them,seed number per spike and seed-setting rate showed negative but not significant effect on seed yield.Stepwise regression analysis found the regression equation of seed yield was Y= -9.880 2+0.27X₁+0.012X₄+2.011 1X₇(R=0.805 8,P<0.001).Briefly,increasing reproductive tiller number,1 000-grain weight and floret number per spike can make the most contribution to increasing seed yield.The promotion of seed setting rate can indirectly increase seed yield of Psathyrostachys juncea as well.

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