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作者	单位
冯魁，贾莉莉，贾永红，迪里夏提·尔肯，刘俊，石书兵	（1.新疆农业大学农学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830052；2.金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司，山东临沭 276700；3.新疆农业科学院奇台麦类试验站，新疆奇台 831800)

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中文摘要:

为确定新疆富硒小麦的最适宜种植密度和施硒量，在种植密度为450万株·hm^-2（D₁）、600万株·hm^-2（D₂）、750万株·hm^-2（D₃）条件下，在灌浆前期分别喷施5个浓度的亚硒酸钠，折合纯硒为0 g·hm^-2（Se₁）、15 g·hm^-2（Se₂）、30 g·hm^-2（Se₃）、45 g·hm^-2（Se₄）、60 g·hm^-2（Se₅），分析不同处理对春小麦产量及其构成因素、籽粒硒含量、硒累积量、吸收利用率及籽粒氮、磷、钾含量的影响。结果表明，D₂处理下小麦的成穗数、穗粒数、穗长、千粒重、产量均最佳，分别为663.00×10⁴·hm^-2、45.37、10.45 cm、44.38 g、7 291.38 kg·hm^-2，产量较D₁和D₃分别提高了13.24%和9.89%。施硒可使小麦产量增幅达4.59%~16.21%；施硒后籽粒中有机硒含量达140.90~346.32 μg·kg^-1，占总硒含量的79.17%~82.47%。密度对籽粒总硒、有机硒、无机硒含量、籽粒硒强化指数没有明显影响，但对籽粒硒累积量、硒利用率影响显著，其中D₂处理下硒累积量最大。密度和施硒互作对硒累积量影响显著，但对其他指标影响均不显著。施硒能显著增加籽粒氮、磷含量，降低钾含量；Se₄处理下籽粒的氮、磷含量最高，比不施硒平均增加4.55%、16.67%，Se₁处理籽粒钾含量最高，达0.28%~0.29%。在本试验条件下，小麦最优种植密度和施硒量分别为600万株·hm^-2和45 g·hm^-2。

英文摘要:

In order to determine the optimum planting density and the amount of selenium application for selenium-enriched wheat in Xinjiang, three levels of planting density［4.5 million plants·hm^-2 (D₁), 6 million plants·hm^-2 (D₂) and 7.5 million plants·hm^-2 (D₃)］, and five concentrations of sodium selenite［0 g·hm^-2 (Se₁), 15 g·hm^-2 (Se₂),30 g·hm^-2 (Se₃), 45 g·hm^-2 (Se₄) and 60 g·hm^-2 (Se₅)］ were conducted at the early filling stage, respectively. The effects of different treatments on spring wheat yield and its components, selenium content, selenium accumulation, phosphorus and potassium content were analysed. The results showed that spike number, spike number per spike, spike length, thousand-grain weight and yield under D₂ treatment reached the maximum, which were 663.00 × 10⁴·hm^-2, 45.37, 10.45 cm, 44.38　g and 7 291.38 kg·hm^-2, respectively. Of them, the yield was increased by 13.24% and 9.89%, respectively,compared with that of D₁ and D₂. Selenium application increased the yield of wheat by 4.59%-16.21%. The content of organic selenium in the grains after selenium application reached to 140.90-346.32 μg·kg^-1, accounting for 79.17%-82.47% of the total selenium content. The planting density had no significant effect on the total selenium, organic selenium, inorganic selenium content and selenium fortification index of grain, but had a significant effect on the grain selenium accumulation and selenium utilization rate, of which, the accumulation of selenium under D₂ treatment was the largest. The interaction of planting density and selenium had a significant effect on the accumulation of selenium, but had no significant effect on other indices. Selenium application significantly increased nitrogen and phosphorus content of grain but decreased potassium content. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus under Se₄ were the highest, 4.55% and 16.67% higher than that under Se₁, and the content of potassium under Se₁ was highest, accounting for 0.28%-0.29%. Under the experimental conditions, the optimum conditions were 6 million plants·hm^-2 for planting density and 45 g·hm^-2 for the amount of selenium application, respectively.

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