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作者	单位
陈国峰，李雪茹，刘峰，张晓波，董见南	（黑龙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全研究所，黑龙江哈尔滨 150086）

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中文摘要:

为了评价高效氯氟氰菊酯、噻虫嗪及其代谢物噻虫胺在小麦生产上的安全性，建立了气相色谱测定的高效氯氟氰菊酯及UPLC-MS/MS测定噻虫嗪和噻虫胺的残留分析方法，并对高效氯氟氰菊酯和噻虫嗪在小麦籽粒、植株和土壤中的消解动态进行了研究。结果表明，高效氯氟氰菊酯、噻虫嗪和噻虫胺在不同样品中的平均加标回收率为77.0%~105.6%，相对标准偏差为0.6%~11.1%；高效氯氟氰菊酯、噻虫嗪和噻虫胺在小麦籽粒、植株和土壤中的最低检测浓度均为0.05 mg·kg^-1，最小检出量分别为0.002 5、0.000 1、0.012 ng。高效氯氟氰菊酯在小麦植株和土壤中的半衰期分别为8.0~12.4 d和16.5~19.3 d；噻虫嗪在小麦植株和土壤中的半衰期分别为1.2~2.5 d和3.7~5.3 d；2014年和2015年，在哈尔滨、新乡和银川市三地以240 g·hm^-2 和 360 g·hm^-2 施药量分别施药2~3次，距最后一次施药14 d时，高效氯氟氰菊酯、噻虫嗪和噻虫胺在小麦籽粒中的最高残留量均小于0.05 mg·kg^-1，低于我国国家标准（GB2763-2016）。

英文摘要:

To assess the safety of lambda-cyhalothrin,thiamethoxam and clothianidin in wheat and soil,the method for determination of lambda-cyhalothrin by GC-ECD,thiamethoxam and clothianidin by UPLC-MS/MS in wheat filed environment has been established. Meanwhile,the characteristics of lambda-cyhalothrin,thiamethoxam and clothianidin degradation and residue were investigated by field experiments in Harbin,Xinxiang,and Yinchuan. The results showed that the average recovery rate of lambda-cyhalothrin,thiamethoxam and clothianidin in wheat,wheat plant and soil was in the range of 77.0%-105.6%,with their relative standard deviations of 0.6%-11.1%. The minimum detectable concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin,thiamethoxam and clothianidin in wheat,wheat plant and soil were all 0.05 mg·kg^-1,and the minimum detectable limit of lambda-cyhalothrin,thiamethoxam and clothianidin was 0.002 5 ng,0.000 1 ng,and 0.012 ng respectively. The field experiments revealed that the degradation half-lives of lambda-cyhalothrin were estimated from 8.0 d to 12.4 d in wheat plant,and from 16.5 d to 19.3 d in soil; the degradation half-lives of thiamethoxam were estimated from 1.2 d to 2.5 d in wheat plant,and from 3.7 d to 5.3 d in soil. When the recommended dosage and 1.5 times recommended dosages of 15% lambda-cyhalothrin and thiamethoxam ZC was sprayed for 2 to 3 times at an interval of 14 days,the maximum residual concentration of lambda-cyhalothrin,thiamethoxam and clothianidin on the 14th day after the last application were less than 0.05 mg·kg^-1.These values are below the maximum residue limits in wheat by the standards of China.

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