| 彭娜娜，王亚娟，王长有，权 威，吉万全.普通小麦/ 山羊草属间杂交F1的形态学及细胞遗传学研究[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(12):1563 |
| 普通小麦/ 山羊草属间杂交F1的形态学及细胞遗传学研究 |
| Study on Morphological and Cytogenetics of F1 Hybrids between Triticum aestivum and Aegilops species |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2016.12.02 |
| 中文关键词: 普通小麦 卵穗山羊草 离果山羊草 生育特性 染色体构型 条锈病 |
| 英文关键词:Triticum aestivum Ae.geniculata Ae.triuncialis Characters of growth and development Chromosome configurations Stripe rust |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31471481）；陕西省自然科学基金项目（2015JQ3078）；西北农林科技大学基础科研业务经费项目（2014YB080，2452015268）；西北农林科技大学博士启动经费（2013BSJJ056） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解普通小麦与山羊草属的杂交F1代的育性、细胞遗传学表现及育种利用潜力，以普通小麦7182和丰优1718为母本，分别以卵穗山羊草SY163和离果山羊草SY119为父本进行杂交，对杂交F1代的生育特性、染色体构型、田间条锈病抗性、F1自交和回交结实性等进行了分析。结果表明，F1代植株生长势较强，株型倾向母本，成熟期穗子易断，壳硬；杂交F1代高度不育，花粉可育率1.26%～3.54%，回交结实率2.08%～5.26%，仅普通小麦/卵穗山羊草自交结实，但结实率最高仅为0.25%。7182/SY163、7182/SY119、丰优1718/SY163、丰优1718/SY119杂交F1代花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I的染色体构型平均分别为31.11I + 1.90II + 0.03III、20.04I + 7.45II + 0.02III、30.08I + 2.40II + 0.04III、22.37I +6.30II + 0.01III，说明普通小麦与2种山羊草杂交亲和性差，且可交配性主要由山羊草基因决定。田间条锈病抗性鉴定结果显示，F1代均对条锈菌混合小种高抗或免疫，这对于丰富小麦抗病基因资源有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the compatibility,cytogenetic basis and breeding potential for selecting and utilizing intergeneric hybrid between wheat and Aegilops specices,two common wheat varieties 7182 and Fengyou 1718 were used as female parent crossed with Ae.geniculata and Ae.triuncialis. F1 was selfing and backcrossed with its female parent. The growth,fertility,cytogenetic characters,resistance to stripe rust,and the ripening rate of hybrid F1 selfing and backcrossed lines were analyzed with the methods of measuring fixed plants,checking chromosome slide and staining pollen. The results showed that hybrid F1 had stronger growth potentiality,maternal parent-like plant type,easy-broken spike at maturity,hard glumes,low pollen fertility with fertility rate of 1.26%-3.54% and the backcross seed setting rate of 2.08%-5.26%. Only common wheat/Ae.geniculata has cross-compatibility,with a maximun setting percentage of 0.25%. The chromosome configurations in F1 PMC MI were 31.11I + 1.90II + 0.03III,20.04I + 7.45II + 0.02III,30.08I + 2.40II + 0.04III and 22.37I +6.30II + 0.01III. It was suggested that the cross-compatibility are poor between the common wheat and two Aegilops species,and the compatibility was controlled by the Aegilops gene mainly. All F1 plants showed high resistance to mixture stripe rust race,which is significant for disease resistance gene resources of wheat. |
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