| 曹雪连，张 衡，姜 昊，吴曾云，曹佳佳，朱玉磊，王升星，常 成，张海萍，马传喜.分子标记PM19-A1对1 015份小麦抗穗发芽基因型的筛选及其有效性验证[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(10):1283 |
| 分子标记PM19-A1对1 015份小麦抗穗发芽基因型的筛选及其有效性验证 |
| Detection and Validation of Molecular Marker PM19-A1 Associated With Pre-harvest Sprouting Resistance in 1 015 Wheat Varieties |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2016.10.03 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 收获前穗发芽 种子休眠 PM19-A1 TaVp-1B |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Pre-harvest sprouting Seed dormancy PM19-A1 TaVp-1B |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-3-1）；农业部公益性行业科技专项（201203033-04）；国家自然科学基金项目（31401372）；安徽省自然科学基金项目（1408085MC60）；安徽省小麦产业技术体系项目（AHCYTX-02） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解与穗发芽抗性相关基因 PM19-A1在我国小麦品种资源中的分布及其分子标记PM19-A1的有效性，并筛选抗穗发芽等位基因组合，利用标记PM19-A1对1 015份小麦品种资源（包括我国253份微核心种质、603份全国主要麦区品种资源以及153份国外引进材料）进行检测，于2015年测定其中540份材料的种子萌芽指数（GI）和田间自然降雨整穗发芽率（FS），验证该基因标记的有效性；结合 TaVp-1B的基因型，筛选 PM19-A1/TaVp-1B抗穗发芽等位基因组合；并以大白皮和六月黄(携带 PM19-A1a等位基因类型)通过后熟的种子为材料，进行高温（38.5 ℃）、不同浓度ABA（50 μmol·L-1和125 μmol·L-1）以及GA（1 mmol·L-1）处理，分析该基因的表达特性。结果表明， PM19-A1基因存在两种等位基因类型（ PM19-A1a和 PM19-A1b），等位基因类型为 PM19-A1a的材料，其平均GI和FS均显著低于等位基因类型为 PM19-A1b的材料，为抗穗发芽等位类型； PM19-A1a在我国微核心种质、全国主要麦区品种资源和国外引进材料中的分布频率分别是17.4%、7.7%和31.8%；筛选出抗穗发芽等位基因组合 PM19-A1a/TaVp-1Bc；高温和ABA处理均能诱导 PM19-A1基因表达上调，GA处理则抑制其表达上调；不同抗穗发芽品种中 PM19-A1基因对ABA（P<0.01）以及GA（P<0.05）的敏感性反应存在显著差异。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the distribution of PM19-A1 gene associated with pre-harvest sprouting resistance in wheat germplasm resources and select excellent allele combination conferring pre-harvest sprouting resistance,1 015 wheat varieties, including 253 Chinese mini-core collections, 608 wheat varieties from major wheat regions, and 154 foreign varieties, were detected by using molecular marker PM19-A1.Seed germination index (GI) and field sprouting (FS) were tested in 540 of the 1 015 wheat varieties to validate the effectiveness of molecular marker PM19-A1 in 2015.Combined with TaVp-1B genotypes, the excellent allele combination associated with PHS resistance was selected. To investigate sensitive response of PM19-A1 gene to plant hormone ABA,GA,and high temperature, after-ripened seeds collected from wheat landraces Dahuangpi and Liuyuehuang carrying PM19-A1a allele were treated with high temperature (38.5 ℃), ABA (50 μmol·L-1and 125 μmol·L-1), and GA (1 mmol·L-1). The results showed that PM19-A1 gene contains two allelic variations ( PM19-A1a and PM19-A1b), and the average GI and FS of the varieties carrying PM19-A1a allele, associated with PHS resistance, were significantly lower than those of the varieties carrying PM19-A1b (P<0.05). The distribution frequency of PM19-A1a was 17.4%,7.7% and 31.8% in Chinese mini-core collections, wheat varieties from major wheat regions, and foreign varieties, respectively. The allelic variation combination PM19-A1a/TaVp-1Bc was significantly associated with PHS resistance. The expression level of PM19-A1 gene was significantly up-regulated by ABA and high temperature, but down-regulated by GA. The sensitive response of PM19-A1 gene to ABA (P<0.01) and GA (P<0.05) was significant in diverse wheat varieties with different levels of PHS resistance. |
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