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为研究稻茬晚播小麦胚乳淀粉粒分布的粒位差异，以小麦品种山农1391和藁城8901为材料，设适期播种和晚播2种播期处理，研究小麦强势、弱势籽粒胚乳淀粉粒粒度分布特征。结果表明，小麦强、弱势籽粒中均具有A、B型淀粉粒，但淀粉粒的分布因不同处理具有显著差异。不同小麦品种、播期和粒位下，淀粉粒的体积分布均呈双峰分布，峰值分别为4.878~6.453 μm和21.7~23.82 μm；淀粉粒数目分布呈单峰分布，峰值为0.520~0.571 μm。藁城8901的B型淀粉粒的体积、数目、表面积占比均显著高于山农1391；山农1391的A型淀粉粒的体积、数目、表面积百分比显著高于藁城8901。晚播处理使小麦B型淀粉粒占比显著升高，A型淀粉粒占比显著降低；弱势粒中B型淀粉粒占比降低，A型淀粉粒占比显著上升。晚播处理对山农1391的影响大于藁城8901。

英文摘要:

To evaluate the effects of grain position on starch granule size distribution in endosperm of late sowing wheat in rice-wheat rotation,two wheat cultivars,Shannong(SN) 1391 and Gaocheng(GC) 8901,were grown in this study. The results showed that both superior and inferior grains contained two types of starch granules.The distribution of starch granule was significant difference because different treatments.The distribution showed typical two-peak curve in volume of starch granule(with the peak range of 4.878-6.453 μm for B type and 21.7-23.82 μm for A type),and single peak curve in number of starch granule(with the peak range of 0.520-0.571 μm). The percentages of volume number and surface area of B-type starch granules were higher than those of A-type starch granules in GC 8901,but on the contrary in SN 1391. Compared with normal sown,the percentages of B-type granules size distribution were significantly increased,and those of A-type were evidently decreased for late sown. The percentages of A-type granules size distribution in inferior grains was significantly increased,and those of B-type were decreased. The effect of late sowing on the starch granule size distribution was greater in SN 1391 than that in GC 8901.

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