| 张庆琛，许为钢，胡 琳，王会伟，齐学礼，李 艳，赵明忠，裴冬丽.小麦品种郑麦7698生育后期的光合性能及同化物运转特性[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(3):362 |
| 小麦品种郑麦7698生育后期的光合性能及同化物运转特性 |
| Characteristics of Photosynthetic Capacity at Late Growth Period and Photosynthate Translocation of Zhengmai 7698 |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2016.03.15 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 光合性能 同化物运转 郑麦7698 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Photosynthetic capacity Photosynthate translocation Zhengmai 7698 |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究计划（973计划）项目（2015CB150106）；国家小麦产业技术体系项目（CARS-3-1-9）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201203033）；河南省重大科技专项（151100111400） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确小麦品种郑麦7698的高产生理基础，于2011-2013年两个生长季在田间条件下研究了郑麦7698、矮抗58和周麦18三个品种生育后期的光合性能及同化物运转特性。结果表明，郑麦7698呈现下述特点：①光饱和速率达到27.1 μmol·m-2·s-1，分别较矮抗58和周麦18高10.6%和13.9%；开花期、灌浆初期、灌浆后期的田间最大光合速率和日光合总量均较高，平均日光合总量为667 693 μmol·m-2，分别较矮抗58和周麦18高19.8%和14.5%；灌浆初期、灌浆后期顶3叶含较多的Chl(a+b)和较高的Chla/b，具有较好的光能捕获与转化能力。②在灌浆后期13：00时，Fv/Fm、ФPSⅡ和qP降幅小，NPQ增幅大，蒸腾速率较大（3.4 mmol·m-2·s-1），叶温较低（36.7℃），具有较好的耐强光、耐高温特性。③花后同化物积累量为 14.4 g·10 stem-1 ，分别较矮抗58和周麦18高15.7%和13.9%；花前积累的同化物在灌浆期的转运量为10.3 g·10 stem-1 ，分别较矮抗58和周麦18高19.8%和13.8%；灌浆速率高，最终籽粒重达到24.7 g·10 stem-1，分别较矮抗58和周麦18高17.6%和14.4%；收获指数达到0.524。较好的光能捕获与转化能力及耐强光、耐高温胁迫能力，较高的花后同化物积累量及花前同化物转运能力是郑麦7698的高产生理基础。郑麦7698可作为小麦品种产量潜力改良的重要亲本加以应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To reveal the high-yield physiology of Zhengmai 7698, the photosynthetic capacity at late growth period and the photosynthate translocation of wheat cultivars Zhengmai 7698, Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18 were investigated under field conditions in two growing seasons during 2011-2013. Significant differences of genotypes were shown among these three wheat cultivars. The results showed that light saturated photosynthesis rate of Zhengmai 7698 was 27.1 μmol·m-2·s-1, higher than that of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18 by 10.6% and 13.9%, respectively. The maximum photosynthetic rate and the diurnal photosynthesis cumulative value of Zhengmai 7698 are also higher than those of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18. The average diurnal photosynthesis cumulative value of Zhengmai 7698 was 66 7693 μmol·m-2, higher than that of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18 by 19.8% and 14.5%, respectively. Compared with Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18, Zhengmai 7698 contains more Chl (a+b) and higher Chla/b in the top three leaves at early and late filling stages, showing better capacity of light energy capture and conversion efficiency. At 13:00 pm at post-filling stage, the decrease rate of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm, qP and ФPSⅡ in Zhengmai 7698 are smaller, while the increase rate of NPQ in Zhengmai 7698 is higher than that in Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18. The transpiration rate was 3.4 mmol·m-2·s-1 for Zhengmai 7698, higher than that of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18, and the leaf temperature of Zhengmai 7698 was 36.7℃, lower than that of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18. Zhengmai 7698 shows a good property of resistance to high light and high temperature. The value of photosynthate accumulation during post-flowering stage of Zhengmai 7698 was 14.4 g·per ten stems, higher than that of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18 by 15.7% and 13.9%, respectively. The conversion efficiency of accumulation at pre-flowering during filling period was 10.3 g·per ten stems, higher than that of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18 by 19.8% and 13.8%, respectively. Zhengmai 7698 has high grain filling rate with grain weight of 24.7 g·per ten stems, higher than that of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 18 by 17.6% and 14.4%. The harvest index of Zhengmai 7698 was 0.524. The high yield physiological basis of Zhengmai 7698 was due to the better capacity of light energy capture and conversion efficiency, the better tolerance to high light and high temperature, the higher photosynthate accumulation at post-flowering, and higher photosynthate translocation at pre-flowering. The conclusion is that Zhengmai 7698 can be used as an important parent material due to the improved yield. |
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