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为建立高效的节节麦幼胚再生体系，以节节麦幼胚为外植体，通过正交设计，探索基本培养基、2,4-D、碳源、KT等因素对幼胚愈伤组织诱导、分化及植株再生效果的影响。结果表明，4 种因素中，基本培养基对节节麦幼胚愈伤组织诱导的影响最显著(P<0.05)，2,4-D浓度对节节麦幼胚愈伤组织诱导也有显著影响（P<0.05），添加3.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D的培养基诱导出的愈伤组织质量高，淡黄色，表面呈不规则颗粒状，质地致密，再生频率可以达到17.62%。KT浓度对节节麦愈伤分化影响最显著，基本培养基、2,4-D和碳源对节节麦幼胚愈伤分化均无显著影响。不同碳源对节节麦幼胚愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响均不显著，为节约成本可直接选用30 g·L^-1蔗糖作为碳源。节节麦幼胚组织培养的最佳组合是：愈伤诱导培养基为MS培养基+3 mg·L^-1 2,4-D+ 15 g·L^-1蔗糖+15 g·L^-1甘露醇，愈伤分化培养基为MS培养基+15 g·L^-1蔗糖+15 g·L^-1甘露醇+1.0 mg·L^-1 KT。

英文摘要:

Establishment of a high efficient regeneration system for immature embryo (IEs) of Aegilops tauschii will provide a convenient tool for tissue culture and transformation,thereby facilitating the transformation of foreign genes into wheat. By using the IEs derived from an elite Ae.tauschii ssp. strangulata accession AW1,the effects of some factors,including basal medium,carbon sources,two auxins,2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-Furfurylaminopurine (KT),on callus induction and plant regeneration were evaluated. The results indicated that MS basal medium significantly affects the callus induction and differentiation of Ae.tauschii IEs. The concentration of 2,4-D has a significant effect on the capacity of embryogenic callus. The media supplemented with 3.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D led to the induction of most high-quality embryogenic calli with pale,smooth,and compact nodules. KT played an important role in IEs differentiation. There is no significant difference among the basal medium,2,4-D and carbon source for IEs differentiation. The differences of the effects of carbon source on embryogenic callus induction and differentiation of IEs are not significant and 30 g·L^-1 sucrose is optimal in practice for cost saving. Overall,culture system of MS+15 g·L^-1 sucrose+15 g·L^-1 mannitol +3.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D is optimal for embryogenic callus induction and culture system of MS+15 g·L^-1 sucrose+15 g·L^-1 mannitol is optimal for plant regeneration of Ae.tauschii IEs.

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