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作者	单位
周小鸿，马建，罗伟，蒋云峰，孙敏，杨宇杰，江千涛，刘亚西，陈国跃，魏育明，郑有良，兰秀锦	（四川农业大学小麦研究所，四川成都 611130）

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中文摘要:

为了解西藏半野生小麦粒型性状的QTL差异，以西藏半野生小麦Q1028和郑麦9023（ZM9023）杂交后获得的重组自交系群体为试验材料，于2012、2013和2015年分别在四川农业大学温江试验田种植，对其粒型性状（粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、籽粒大小）进行遗传分析。结果表明，重组自交系群体粒型性状均呈正态分布，对籽粒大小的影响依次为粒宽、粒厚、粒长。在三个年度环境中，总共检测到33个控制小麦粒长、粒宽、粒厚、籽粒大小和长宽比的QTL位点。其中，13个控制粒长的QTL分布在1B、2B、2D（3个）、3A、4A、5B、6A、6B、7A（3个）染色体上，每个位点对表型变异的贡献率为5.37%~11.57%。6个控制粒宽的QTL分布在2B、2D、4A、5B、6A、7A染色体上，可以解释表型变异的6.43%~12.69%。3个控制粒厚的QTL位于2B和2D（2个）上，表型贡献率分别为12.75%、10.00%和8.49%。9个控制籽粒大小的QTL分别位于2B、2D（2个）、4A、5B、6A、7A（3个）染色体上，单个QTL可解释6.26%~14.69%的表型变异。另外，本研究还在2B、2D、4A、5B、6A、7A染色体上共发现7个QTL富集区，这些染色体上的QTL和富集区与籽粒性状密切相关，在育种中值得关注。其中，2B染色体上XwPt-3561~XwPt-6932分子标记区间内有控制粒长、粒宽、粒厚、籽粒大小的遗传位点，6A染色体上标记wpt-730109与wpt-7063之间有控制增加籽粒宽度和籽粒大小的位点。

英文摘要:

In order to reveal the effects of QTL governing kernel morphology traits and grain weight of Tibetan semi-wild wheat for the improvement of wheat breeding, kernel morphology QTL was investigated using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between Zhengmai 9023 (ZM9023) and Tibetan semi-wild wheat (Q1028) which were grown in Wenjiang of Sichuan Agricultural University in 2012, 2013 and 2015.The results showed that grain properties of the RIL population are normal distribution.Of the grain properties affecting grain size, Kernel length (KL) ranked firstly, followed by kernel thickness (KT), and then kernel width (KW).Totally, thirty-three QTLs for KL, KW, KT, grain size and length-width ratio (LWR) were detected on chromosome 1B, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3B, 4A, 5B, 6A, 6B, and 7A.Thirteen QTLs for KL were detected on chromosome 1B, 2B, 2D (3), 3A, 4A, 5B, 6A, 6B, 7A (3) in three years, explaining 5.37%-11.57% of phenotypic variance.Six QTLs for KW were detected on chromosome 2B, 2D, 4A, 5B, 6A, 7A in three years, explaining 6.43%-12.69% of phenotypic variance.Three QTLs for KT were detected on chromosome 2B and 2D (2) in 2012 and 2013 which could explain 12.75%, 10.00% and 8.49% of phenotypic variance.Nine QTLs for grain size were detected on chromosome 2B, 2D (2), 4A, 5B, 6A, 7A (3) in three years, explaining 6.26%-14.69% of phenotypic variance.In addition, seven genomic regions with plenty of QTLs were detected on chromosome 2B, 2D, 4A, 5B, 6A, 7A.In the present study, the QTLs on chromosome and enrichment region are closely related to the grain traits, worthy of attention in breeding program.

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