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作者	单位
张立勤，马忠明，杨君林，王智琦	（1.甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所，甘肃兰州 730070； 2.甘肃省农业科学院，甘肃兰州 730070）

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中文摘要:

为给甘肃河西绿洲灌区啤酒大麦垄作沟灌栽培的水肥管理提供参考，通过裂区试验，设置4个不同灌溉定额(1 500 m·hm^-2、2 100 m·hm^-2、2 700 m·hm^-2和3 300 m·hm^-2)和3个不同施肥水平（N 75 kg·hm^-2+P₂O₅56.25 kg·hm^-2、 N 150 kg·hm^-2+P₂O₅112.5 kg·hm^-2、N 225 kg·hm^-2+P₂O₅168.75 kg·hm^-2），研究了灌水和施肥对垄作沟灌栽培啤酒大麦产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，灌溉定额、施肥量及水肥互作对啤酒大麦的产量和水分利用效率均有明显影响。当灌溉定额从1 500 m·hm^-2增大到2 700 m·hm^-2时，啤酒大麦千粒重提高5.36 g，成穗数增加1.16×10⁶·hm^-2，增产57.99%，水分利用效率提高24.12%；灌水量超过2 700 m·hm^-2时，增产效果不明显。在N 75～150 kg·hm^-2、P₂O₅56.25～112.5 kg·hm^-2范围内，增施肥料有利于啤酒大麦千粒重和穗粒数增加，并显著提高产量和水分利用效率。在灌溉定额2 700 m·hm^-2、纯N 150 kg·hm^-2、P₂O₅ 112.5 kg·hm^-2条件下，垄作沟灌栽培啤酒大麦的产量和水分利用效率分别为6 239.84 kg·hm^-2和13.33 kg·mm^-1·hm^-2，水肥利用效果和经济效益相对较优。

英文摘要:

In order to provide scientific basis of the requirements for water and fertilizer of the cultivation technology of raised bed-planting for malting barley in irrigated area of Hexi oasis of Gansu,the field experiments by using split-plot design were carried out． Four irrigation water levels (1 500 m·hm^-2,2 100 m·hm^-2,2 700 m·hm^-2 and 3 300 m·hm^-2） in main plots and three fertilizer quantity (N 75 kg·hm^-2+P₂O₅56.25 kg·hm^-2， N 150 kg·hm^-2+P₂O₅112.5 kg·hm^-2，and N 225 kg·hm^-2+P₂O₅168.75 kg·hm^-2） in sub-plots were conducted. Results showed that the effects of irrigation water quota，fertilizer applied quantity and the interaction between irrigation and fertilizer on yield and water use efficiency of malting barley were significant. When irrigation water quota added from 1 500 m·hm^-2 to 2 700 m·hm^-2,the thousand-grain weight was increased by 5.36 g; full ears of malting barley was added by 1.16×10⁶ ears·hm^-2; the yield was increased by 57.99%; and the water use efficiency was increased by 24.12%.The yield increased insignificantly when irrigation water volume was more than 2 700 m·hm^-2.Increased fertilizer quantity in the range of 75~150 kg N·hm^-2 and 56.25~112.5 kg P₂O₅ ·hm^-2,that is benefit to increase the thousand-grain weight and grains per ear,and the yield and water use efficiency of malting barley increased significantly. Under the conditions of raised bed planting and furrow irrigation,with 2 700 m·hm^-2 of irrigation water quota,N 150 kg·hm^-2 and P₂O₅112 kg·hm^-2 for fertilizer quantity，the yield and water use efficiency of malting barley were 6 239.84 kg·hm^-2 and 13.33 kg·mm^-1·hm^-2,respectively. The effects of water and fertilizer usage and economical benefit were optimized.

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